Thousands of people work in the precast/pre-stressed concrete industry every day. Due to the design of the precast/prestressed concrete product itself and the processes required for its production, employees are occasionally exposed to hazards. The industry recognizes this and devotes a significant amount of time and investment to mitigate these hazards and protect employees from harm. It is essential for employees to go through appropriate safety training before starting work in the plant. Practical safety training should be cost-effective, and performance guaranteed, and traditional training procedures include paper-based safety guidelines, lectures, videos, and on-site training. Virtual Reality (VR) provides an innovative approach for safety training as it could offer situational training with negligible risk and at a low cost. In this paper, a VR training module is developed to deliver safety training in a cost-effective yet repeatable manner, aiming to reduce common plant injuries. The module is developed using Unity3D and Visual Studio joint platforms and can be interfaced with using the Oculus Rift/Oculus S. The module addresses three major safety concerns in the plant: personal protective equipment (PPE), the tensioning of strand (the stressing process), and suspended loads. Efficacy and effectiveness analyses were conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed VR module. The efficacy analysis was based on simulation sickness, user experience, and system usability. This analysis showed that the developed VR module is a user-friendly simulator with minimal simulation sickness. More than 50% of the participants reported no indications of simulation sickness. In addition, an effectiveness analysis was performed based upon a comparative study of this VR training method and the traditional video-based training method. This analysis indicated that VR training is more engaged and provides a better understanding of safety protocols and real-life experience of the precast/prestressed concrete plant.

每天有成千上万的人在预制/预应力混凝土行业工作。由于预制/预应力混凝土产品本身的设计及其生产所需的流程，员工偶尔会面临危险。业界认识到这一点，并投入大量时间和投资来减轻这些危害并保护员工免受伤害。在工厂开始工作之前，员工必须接受适当的安全培训。实践安全培训应具有成本效益和绩效保证，传统培训程序包括纸质安全指南、讲座、视频和现场培训。虚拟现实 (VR) 为安全培训提供了一种创新方法，因为它可以提供风险可忽略的情景培训，并且成本很低。在这篇论文中，开发了一个 VR 培训模块，以具有成本效益但可重复的方式提供安全培训，旨在减少常见的工厂伤害。该模块是使用 Unity3D 和 Visual Studio 联合平台开发的，可以使用 Oculus Rift/Oculus S 进行连接。该模块解决了工厂中的三个主要安全问题：个人防护装备 (PPE)、钢绞线的张紧（应力过程) 和悬挂负载。进行了功效和有效性分析以评估所提议的 VR 模块的性能。功效分析基于模拟病、用户体验和系统可用性。该分析表明，开发的 VR 模块是一个用户友好的模拟器，具有最小的模拟病。超过 50% 的参与者报告没有模拟病的迹象。此外，基于对这种 VR 训练方法和传统的基于视频的训练方法的比较研究，进行了有效性分析。该分析表明，VR 培训更具参与性，并且可以更好地了解预制/预应力混凝土工厂的安全协议和实际体验。