A passive energy balancing concept for linear actuation is investigated in the current work by adopting a negative stiffness mechanism. The proposed negative stiffness mechanism uses a pre-tensioned spring to produce a passive torque and therefore to transfer the passive torque through a crankshaft for linear motion.

The proposed passive energy balancing design is supposed to be applied in a morphing wingtip, of which the shape change comes from the elastic deformation of the morphing structure. A significant amount of linear actuation force can be required to deform the structure, and therefore it is important to reduce the required force and the consumed energy by adopting the passive energy balancing design.

The kinematics of the negative stiffness mechanism is developed to satisfy the required linear motion and its geometry is then optimised to reduce the energy requirements. The performance of the optimised negative stiffness mechanism is evaluated through the net force and the total required energy, which shows the potential of the design in the morphing wingtip application.

在当前工作中，通过采用负刚度机制研究了用于线性致动的无源能量平衡概念。所提出的负刚度机构使用预张紧的弹簧来产生被动扭矩，因此通过曲轴传递被动扭矩以进行线性运动。

拟议的无源能量平衡设计应该应用于变形翼尖，其形状变化来自变形结构的弹性变形。可能需要大量的线性致动力来使结构变形，因此通过采用被动能量平衡设计来减少所需的力和消耗的能量很重要。

负刚度机构的运动学可以满足所需的线性运动，然后对其几何形状进行优化以降低能量需求。优化的负刚度机构的性能通过净力和所需的总能量进行评估，这表明了该设计在变形翼尖应用中的潜力。