Precisely when the success of artificial intelligence (AI) sub-symbolic techniques makes them be identified with the whole AI by many non-computer-scientists and non-technical media, symbolic approaches are getting more and more attention as those that could make AI amenable to human understanding. Given the recurring cycles in the AI history, we expect that a revamp of technologies often tagged as “classical AI”—in particular, logic-based ones—will take place in the next few years. On the other hand, agents and multi-agent systems (MAS) have been at the core of the design of intelligent systems since their very beginning, and their long-term connection with logic-based technologies, which characterised their early days, might open new ways to engineer explainable intelligent systems. This is why understanding the current status of logic-based technologies for MAS is nowadays of paramount importance. Accordingly, this paper aims at providing a comprehensive view of those technologies by making them the subject of a systematic literature review (SLR). The resulting technologies are discussed and evaluated from two different perspectives: the MAS and the logic-based ones.

恰恰是当人工智能（AI）亚符号技术的成功使许多非计算机科学家和非技术媒体将它们与整个AI一起识别时，符号方法越来越受到关注，因为那些可以使AI适应的方法对人类的理解。考虑到AI历史中的重复周期，我们预计在未来几年内将对通常被标记为“经典AI”的技术（尤其是基于逻辑的技术）进行改造。另一方面，代理和多代理系统（MAS）从一开始就一直是智能系统设计的核心，它们与基于逻辑的技术的长期连接（可能代表了早期的特性）可能会开放新的工程方法可解释的智能系统。这就是为什么如今最重要的是了解MAS的基于逻辑的技术的现状。因此，本文旨在通过使这些技术成为系统的文献综述（SLR）的主题来提供这些技术的全面视图。从两个不同的角度讨论和评估了生成的技术：MAS和基于逻辑的技术。