A high pulse energy Q-switched ytterbium-doped fiber laser (YDFL) based on copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles as a saturable absorber (SA) is demonstrated. The CuO nanoparticles have been fabricated into a thin film using a liquid-phase exfoliation method then it was integrated into a laser cavity to act as Q-switcher. The proposed Q-switched YDFL operates at a central wavelength of 1035.4 nm with a 3-dB bandwidth of 0.26 nm. The Q-switched laser has a repetition rate range from 57 kHz to 104 kHz by varying the pump power from 179 mW to 226.5 mW, while the pulse width was tuned from 4.5 µs to 2.2 µs. Relatively, high pulse energy around 0.192 µJ was achieved at an average output power of 20 mW. This laser with high pulse energy can be seen as a very promising pulsed laser source in many industrial and optical sensing applications. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of a Q-switched fiber laser using CuO-SA in YDF.

中文翻译：

---

使用氧化铜 (CuO) 纳米粒子作为可饱和吸收体的掺镱光纤激光器 (YDFL) 的被动调Q脉冲

展示了基于氧化铜 (CuO) 纳米粒子作为可饱和吸收体 (SA) 的高脉冲能量 Q 开关掺镱光纤激光器 (YDFL)。使用液相剥离方法将 CuO 纳米颗粒制成薄膜，然后将其集成到激光腔中作为 Q 开关。建议的 Q 开关 YDFL 在 1035.4 nm 的中心波长下工作，3 dB 带宽为 0.26 nm。通过将泵浦功率从 179 mW 改变到 226.5 mW，Q 开关激光器的重复率范围从 57 kHz 到 104 kHz，而脉冲宽度从 4.5 µs 调整到 2.2 µs。相对而言，在 20 mW 的平均输出功率下实现了大约 0.192 µJ 的高脉冲能量。这种具有高脉冲能量的激光器在许多工业和光学传感应用中被视为一种非常有前途的脉冲激光源。