Transcription factors as multifaceted modulators of gene expression that play a central role in cell proliferation, differentiation, lineage commitment, and disease progression. They interact among themselves and create complex spatiotemporal gene regulatory networks that modulate hematopoiesis, cardiogenesis, and conditional differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells into cells of cardiovascular lineage. Additionally, bone marrow-derived stem cells potentially contribute to the cardiovascular cell population and have shown potential as a therapeutic approach to treat cardiovascular diseases. However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms are currently debatable. This review focuses on some key transcription factors and associated epigenetic modifications that modulate the maintenance and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells and cardiac progenitor cells. In addition to this, we aim to summarize different potential clinical therapeutic approaches in cardiac regeneration therapy and recent discoveries in stem cell-based transplantation.

转录因子作为基因表达的多方面调节剂，在细胞增殖、分化、谱系定型和疾病进展中发挥核心作用。它们之间相互作用并创建复杂的时空基因调控网络，调节造血、心脏发生以及造血干细胞向心血管谱系细胞的条件分化。此外，骨髓干细胞可能对心血管细胞群做出贡献，并已显示出作为治疗心血管疾病的治疗方法的潜力。然而，潜在的监管机制目前仍存在争议。本综述重点关注一些关键转录因子和相关的表观遗传修饰，这些修饰调节造血干细胞和心脏祖细胞的维持和分化。除此之外，我们的目的是总结心脏再生治疗中不同的潜在临床治疗方法以及干细胞移植的最新发现。