Statins, a class of lipid-lowering medications, have been a keystone treatment in cardiovascular health. However, adverse effects associated with statin use impact patient adherence, leading to statin discontinuation. Statin-induced myotoxicity (SIM) is one of the most common adverse effects, prevalent across all ages, genders, and ethnicities. Although certain demographic cohorts carry a higher risk, the impaired quality of life attributed to SIM is significant. The pathogenesis of SIM remains to be fully elucidated, but it is clear that SIM is multifactorial. These factors include drug–drug interactions, renal or liver dysfunction, and genetics. Genetic-inferred risk for SIM was first reported by a landmark genome-wide association study, which reported a higher risk of SIM with a polymorphism in the SLCO1B1 gene. Since then, research associating genetic factors with SIM has expanded widely and has become one of the foci in the field of pharmacogenomics. This review provides an update on the genetic risk factors associated with SIM.

他汀类药物是一类降脂药物，一直是心血管健康的关键治疗方法。然而，与他汀类药物使用相关的副作用会影响患者的依从性，导致他汀类药物停药。他汀类药物引起的肌肉毒性 (SIM) 是最常见的不良反应之一，在所有年龄、性别和种族中普遍存在。尽管某些人口群体具有较高的风险，但 SIM 对生活质量的损害是显着的。SIM 的发病机制仍有待完全阐明，但很明显 SIM 是多因素影响的。这些因素包括药物相互作用、肾或肝功能障碍以及遗传。一项具有里程碑意义的全基因组关联研究首次报道了基因推断的 SIM 风险，该研究报告了基因多态性导致 SIM 的风险较高。SLCO1B1基因。此后，遗传因素与SIM相关的研究得到广泛扩展，并成为药物基因组学领域的热点之一。本综述提供了与 SIM 相关的遗传风险因素的最新信息。