Currently, despite the thoroughgoing scientific research carried out in the area of wound healing management, the treatment of skin injuries, regardless of etiology remains a big provocation for health care professionals. An optimal wound dressing should be nontoxic, non-adherent, non-allergenic, should also maintain a humid medium at the wound interfacing, and be easily removed without trauma. For the development of functional and bioactive dressings, they must meet different conditions such as: The ability to remove excess exudates, to allow gaseous interchange, to behave as a barrier to microbes and to external physical or chemical aggressions, and at the same time to have the capacity of promoting the process of healing by stimulating other intricate processes such as differentiation, cell adhesion, and proliferation. Over the past several years, various types of wound dressings including hydrogels, hydrocolloids, films, foams, sponges, and micro/nanofibers have been formulated, and among them, the electrospun nanofibrous mats received an increased interest from researchers due to the numerous advantages and their intrinsic properties. The drug-embedded nanofibers are the potential candidates for wound dressing application by virtue of: Superior surface area-to volume ratio, enormous porosity (can allow oxy-permeability) or reticular nano-porosity (can inhibit the microorganisms’adhesion), structural similitude to the skin extracellular matrix, and progressive electrospinning methodology, which promotes a prolonged drug release. The reason that we chose to review the formulation of electrospun nanofibers based on polysaccharides as dressings useful in wound healing was based on the ever-growing research in this field, research that highlighted many advantages of the nanofibrillary network, but also a marked versatility in terms of numerous active substances that can be incorporated for rapid and infection-free tissue regeneration. In this review, we have extensively discussed the recent advancements performed on electrospun nanofibers (eNFs) formulation methodology as wound dressings, and we focused as well on the entrapment of different active biomolecules that have been incorporated on polysaccharides-based nanofibers, highlighting those bioagents capable of improving the healing process. In addition, in vivo tests performed to support their increased efficacy were also listed, and the advantages of the polysaccharide nanofiber-based wound dressings compared to the traditional ones were emphasized.

中文翻译：

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基于多糖的生物聚合物电纺纳米纤维用于伤口愈合管理的概述

目前，尽管在伤口愈合管理领域进行了彻底的科学研究，但无论病因如何，皮肤损伤的治疗仍然对医疗保健专业人员来说是一个巨大的挑战。最佳的伤口敷料应该是无毒的、非粘附性的、非过敏性的，还应该在伤口界面处保持湿润的介质，并且可以在没有创伤的情况下轻松去除。为了开发功能性和生物活性敷料，它们必须满足不同的条件，例如：去除多余渗出物的能力，允许气体交换，作为微生物和外部物理或化学侵袭的屏障，同时具有通过刺激其他复杂过程（例如分化、细胞粘附和增殖）来促进愈合过程的能力。在过去的几年里，各种类型的伤口敷料，包括水凝胶、水胶体、薄膜、泡沫、海绵和微/纳米纤维已经被配制出来，其中，静电纺丝纳米纤维垫由于其众多的优点和优点而越来越受到研究人员的关注。他们的内在属性。药物包埋纳米纤维具有以下优点，是伤口敷料应用的潜在候选者：优异的表面积与体积比、巨大的孔隙率（可以允许透氧）或网状纳米孔隙率（可以抑制微生物的粘附）、结构相似性皮肤细胞外基质，以及渐进式静电纺丝方法，可促进药物长时间释放。我们选择回顾基于多糖的电纺纳米纤维作为用于伤口愈合的敷料的配方的原因是基于该领域不断发展的研究，这些研究强调了纳米纤丝网络的许多优点，而且在方面也具有显着的多功能性含有多种活性物质，可用于快速且无感染的组织再生。在这篇综述中，我们广泛讨论了作为伤口敷料的电纺纳米纤维（eNF）配方方法的最新进展，我们还重点关注了已纳入基于多糖的纳米纤维的不同活性生物分子的包埋，强调了那些能够改善愈合过程。此外，还列出了支持其功效增强的体内测试，并强调了多糖纳米纤维伤口敷料与传统伤口敷料相比的优势。