Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is responsible for the Müllerian ducts’ regression in male fetuses. In cells of cancers with AMH receptors (AMHRII), AMH induces cell cycle arrest or apoptosis. As AMH occurs naturally and does not exhibit significant side effects while reducing neoplastic cell colonies, it can be considered as a potential therapeutic agent for cancer treatment. The purpose of this study was to assess the AMHRII expression in endometrial cancer (EC) in correlation to various demographic data and clinical conditions. Immunohistochemical analysis was used to assess AMHRII expression in EC tissue samples retrieved from 230 women with pre-cancerous state of endometrium (PCS) and EC. AMHRII was detected in 100% of samples. No statistical difference was observed for AMHRII expression depending on the histopathological type of EC, cancer staging, body mass index, and age, as well as the number of years of menstruation, births and miscarriages, and average and total breastfeeding time. Diabetes mellitus type 2 is the only factor that has an impact on AMHRII expression in EC tissue. Thus, this study supports the idea of theoretical use of AMH in EC treatment because all histopathological types of EC at all stages of advancement present receptors for AMH.

中文翻译：

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子宫内膜癌组织中抗苗勒管激素 II 型受体的表达

抗苗勒管激素 (AMH) 是导致男性胎儿苗勒管退化的原因。在带有 AMH 受体 (AMHRII) 的癌症细胞中，AMH 诱导细胞周期停滞或细胞凋亡。由于 AMH 是自然发生的，并且在减少肿瘤细胞集落的同时不会表现出明显的副作用，因此它可以被认为是癌症治疗的潜在治疗剂。本研究的目的是评估子宫内膜癌 (EC) 中 AMHRII 的表达与各种人口统计数据和临床状况的相关性。使用免疫组织化学分析评估从 230 名患有子宫内膜癌前状态 (PCS) 和 EC 的女性中获取的 EC 组织样本中 AMHRII 的表达。100% 的样本中均检测到 AMHRII。根据 EC 的组织病理学类型、癌症分期、体重指数和年龄，以及月经年数、出生和流产以及平均和总母乳喂养时间，没有观察到 AMHRII 表达的统计差异。2 型糖尿病是影响 EC 组织中 AMHRII 表达的唯一因素。因此，这项研究支持在 EC 治疗中理论上使用 AMH 的想法，因为所有组织病理学类型的 EC 在进展的各个阶段都存在 AMH 受体。