Previous studies have indicated that human gender and canine sex influences human–dog interactions. However, the majority of studies have considered the interaction when dogs were off-leash and the behavioural interactions when dogs are walked on a leash have not been addressed. This study investigated human–dog interactions when shelter volunteers take shelter dogs for an on-leash walk. Video records were made of 370 walks, involving 74 volunteers and 111 shelter dogs, and a leash tension meter was used to determine the pull strength of dogs and walkers. Human gender and canine sex had dyadic effects during the walk. Male dogs tended to pull more frequently and created increased leash tensions. Dogs displayed more stress related behaviours when interacting with men than women, with the signs being spending less time holding the tail in the high position, and more frequent gazing and lip-licking behaviours. Finally, there was a greater pre-disposition in women to use verbal commands, and language typically used with babies, while men were more inclined to have physical contact with dogs. This study’s results may be used to match shelter dogs with appropriate men and women volunteers for walking exercise of the dog, and to improve potential dog socialisation efforts by shelters.

中文翻译：

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谁在牵引皮带？牵引时人性别和狗性别对人狗双性恋的影响

先前的研究表明，人类性别和犬性别会影响人与狗之间的互动。但是，大多数研究都没有考虑到狗脱离皮带时的相互作用，而没有提到当狗用皮带牵引时的行为相互作用。这项研究调查了当庇护所志愿者带着庇护犬进行皮带行走时人与狗之间的相互作用。录像记录了370次散步，涉及74名志愿者和111只庇护犬，并使用皮带张力计确定狗和步行者的拉力。人的性别和犬的性行为在行走过程中产生了二元效应。雄狗倾向于更频繁地牵拉并导致皮带张力增加。与男性互动时，狗表现出更多与压力相关的行为，迹象表明，花费较少的时间将尾巴保持在较高的位置，并且更频繁地注视和舔嘴唇的行为。最后，女性倾向于使用口头命令和婴儿通常使用的语言，而男性更倾向于与狗进行身体接触。这项研究的结果可用于使避难犬与合适的男女志愿者进行步行锻炼相匹配，并改善避难所对狗的潜在社交活动。