Lifestyle, mainly dietary, interventions are first-line treatment for women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), but the optimal diet remains undefined. We combined a hyperandrogenized PCOS mouse model with a systematic macronutrient approach, to elucidate the impact of dietary macronutrients on the development of PCOS. We identify that an optimum dietary macronutrient balance of a low protein, medium carbohydrate and fat diet can ameliorate key PCOS reproductive traits. However, PCOS mice display a hindered ability for their metabolic system to respond to diet variations, and varying macronutrient balance did not have a beneficial effect on the development of metabolic PCOS traits. We reveal that PCOS traits in a hyperandrogenic PCOS mouse model are ameliorated selectively by diet, with reproductive traits displaying greater sensitivity than metabolic traits to dietary macronutrient balance. Hence, providing evidence to support the development of evidence-based dietary interventions as a promising strategy for the treatment of PCOS, especially reproductive traits.

生活方式（主要是饮食）干预措施是多囊卵巢综合征 (PCOS) 女性的一线治疗方法，但最佳饮食仍不确定。我们将高雄激素化 PCOS 小鼠模型与系统性大量营养素方法相结合，以阐明膳食大量营养素对 PCOS 发展的影响。我们发现，低蛋白质、中等碳水化合物和脂肪饮食的最佳膳食常量营养素平衡可以改善关键的多囊卵巢综合症生殖特征。然而，PCOS 小鼠的代谢系统对饮食变化的反应能力受到阻碍，并且变化的常量营养素平衡对代谢性 PCOS 性状的发展没有产生有益的影响。我们发现，饮食可以选择性地改善高雄激素性 PCOS 小鼠模型中的 PCOS 特征，其中生殖特征比代谢特征对饮食常量营养素平衡表现出更高的敏感性。因此，提供证据支持开发循证饮食干预措施作为治疗多囊卵巢综合征（尤其是生殖特征）的一种有前景的策略。