Abstract. Multiple plasma boundaries have been observed at comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Among them was an infant bow shock, an asymmetric structure in the plasma environment that separates the less disturbed solar wind from a plasma with warmer, slower protons. Rosetta crossings of the infant bow shock have so far only been reported for two days. Here, we aim to investigate this phenomenon further by focusing on the proton behaviour and surveying all of the Rosetta comet phase data. We find over 300 events that match the proton signatures at the infant bow shock. We investigate the properties of the plasma and magnetic field at this boundary and the location where it can be found. We find that the protons are preferentially detected at intermediate gas production rates with a slight trend towards larger cometocentric distances for higher gas production rates. The events can mostly be found in the positive convective electric field hemisphere. Both results agree well with simulations of the infant bow shock. The properties of the plasma are harder to constrain, but there is a trend towards higher electron flux, lower magnetic field, higher magnetic field power spectral density, and higher density in the region that contains the warm protons. This is in partial agreement with the previous IBS definitions, however it also indicates that the plasma and this structure are highly non-stationary. For future research, Comet Interceptor, with its multi-point measurements, can help to disentangle the spatial and temporal effects and give more clarity on the influence of changing upstream conditions on the movement of boundaries in this unusual environment.

中文翻译：

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彗星67P / Churyumov-Gerasimenko上的质子-对婴儿弓形休克的影响

摘要。在彗星67P / Churyumov-Gerasimenko观测到多个等离子体边界。其中一个是婴儿弓形电击，这是等离子体环境中的一种不对称结构，该结构将受干扰较小的太阳风与具有较暖，较慢质子的等离子体隔开。迄今为止，仅两天就报告了婴儿弓弓震击的罗塞塔过境。在这里，我们旨在通过关注质子行为并调查所有Rosetta彗星相数据来进一步研究此现象。我们发现300多个事件与婴儿弓形休克时的质子特征相符。我们研究了在该边界以及可以发现其的位置的等离子体和磁场的特性。我们发现，质子优先在中等产气速率下检测，对于更高的产气速率，趋向较大的彗心距离有轻微趋势。这些事件主要在正对流电场半球中发现。两项结果均与婴儿弓形休克的模拟非常吻合。等离子体的特性很难约束，但是在包含热质子的区域中，存在着更高的电子通量，更低的磁场，更高的磁场功率谱密度以及更高的密度的趋势。这与以前的IBS定义部分一致，但是它也表明等离子体和这种结构是高度不稳定的。对于未来的研究，Comet Interceptor具有多点测量功能，