Abstract Multi-hazard assessments are increasingly vital to communities as exposures continue to change. Their data can provide a nuanced understanding of hazard interactions and their contribution to risk reduction. In previous work, the Patterns of Risk using an Integrated Spatial Multi-Hazard (PRISM) approach produces composite measures of vulnerability and risk at the county level for this purpose. The approach has the flexibility to be applied at a local level to benefit hazard vulnerability assessments and community sustainability planning activities. In this article, we use U.S. census tracts as proxy for neighbourhoods for a localized PRISM approach. The goal is to demonstrate the applicability of the PRISM approach at the community level and identify vulnerabilities in social, cultural, economic, and built systems for use in comparative analyses and mitigation planning. Exposure estimates are created using spatial extents and modelled data from 12 natural and 4 technological hazards. Land area, population counts, and property values are used to estimate vulnerability. National patterns of exposure, vulnerability, and risk reveal distinct regional trends that point to the importance of how impacts are defined. Eight case study examples demonstrate how the data can be analyzed to compare drivers of community vulnerability and risk.

中文翻译：

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多灾害风险评估在地方规划中的应用


摘要 随着暴露程度的不断变化，多种危害评估对社区越来越重要。他们的数据可以提供对危害相互作用及其对降低风险的贡献的细致了解。在之前的工作中，使用综合空间多灾种（PRISM）方法的风险模式为此目的在县一级产生了脆弱性和风险的综合衡量标准。该方法可以灵活地应用于地方层面，以利于灾害脆弱性评估和社区可持续发展规划活动。在本文中，我们使用美国人口普查区作为本地化 PRISM 方法的社区代理。目标是展示 PRISM 方法在社区层面的适用性，并识别社会、文化、经济和建筑系统中的脆弱性，用于比较分析和缓解规划。暴露估计是使用空间范围和 12 种自然灾害和 4 种技术灾害的建模数据创建的。土地面积、人口数量和财产价值用于估计脆弱性。暴露、脆弱性和风险的国家模式揭示了不同的区域趋势，这些趋势表明了如何定义影响的重要性。八个案例研究示例展示了如何分析数据以比较社区脆弱性和风险的驱动因素。