Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Volume 45, Issue 10 (Suppl. 2), Page S165-S179, October 2020.
The objective of this overview of systematic reviews was to determine the benefits and harms of resistance training (RT) on health outcomes in adults aged 18 years or older, compared with not participating in RT. Four electronic databases were searched in February 2019 for systematic reviews published in the past 10 years. Eligibility criteria were determined a priori for population (community dwelling adults), intervention (exclusively RT), comparator (no RT or different doses of RT), and health outcomes (critical: mortality, physical functioning, health-related quality of life, and adverse events; important: cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, mental health, brain health, cognitive function, cancer, fall-related injuries or falls, and bone health). We selected 1 review per outcome and we used the GRADE process to assess the strength of evidence. We screened 2089 records and 375 full-text articles independently, in duplicate. Eleven systematic reviews were included, representing 364 primary studies and 382 627 unique participants. RT was associated with a reduction in all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease incidence, and an improvement in physical functioning. Effects on health-related quality of life or cognitive function were less certain. Adverse events were not consistently monitored or reported in RT studies, but serious adverse events were not common. Systematic reviews for the remaining important health outcomes could not be identified. Overall, RT training improved health outcomes in adults and the benefits outweighed the harms. (PROSPERO registration no.: CRD42019121641.) Novelty This overview was required to inform whether there was new evidence to support changes to the recommended guidelines for resistance training.

中文翻译：

---

成人阻力训练与健康：系统评价概述

应用生理学、营养和代谢，第 45 卷，第 10 期（增刊 2），第 S165-S179 页，2020 年 10 月。
本系统评价概述的目的是确定阻力训练 (RT) 与不参加抗阻训练相比，对 18 岁或以上成人健康结果的益处和危害。2019 年 2 月在四个电子数据库中搜索了过去 10 年发表的系统评价。资格标准是先验确定的人口（社区居民成人）、干预（完全放疗）、比较者（无放疗或不同剂量放疗）和健康结果（关键：死亡率、身体机能、健康相关的生活质量和不良事件；重要：心血管疾病、2 型糖尿病、心理健康、大脑健康、认知功能、癌症、与跌倒相关的伤害或跌倒，以及骨骼健康）。我们为每个结果选择了 1 条评价，并使用 GRADE 过程来评估证据的强度。我们独立筛选了 2089 条记录和 375 篇全文文章，一式两份。共纳入 11 条系统评价，代表 364 项主要研究和 382 627 名独特的参与者。放疗与全因死亡率和心血管疾病发病率的降低以及身体机能的改善有关。对与健康相关的生活质量或认知功能的影响不太确定。放疗研究中并未持续监测或报告不良事件，但严重不良事件并不常见。无法确定对其余重要健康结果的系统评价。总体而言，RT 训练改善了成年人的健康结果，而且利大于弊。（PROSPERO注册号：CRD42019121641。