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Development of a Brittle Triaxial Deformation Zone in the Upper Crust: The Case of the Southern Mesa Central of Mexico
Tectonics ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-16 , DOI: 10.1029/2020tc006166
Alexis Del Pilar‐Martínez 1, 2 , Angel F. Nieto‐Samaniego 2 , Susana A. Alaniz‐Alvarez 2
Affiliation  

It is widely accepted that the polymodal fault patterns accommodate triaxial deformation. Multiphase extension and inherited structural fabrics have been counted as common features for the development of polymodal faults in extensional systems. This research documents the development of a polymodal normal fault system in the Mesa Central of Mexico, focusing on the evolution of the deformation field. The fault system comprises NW and NE grabens and N‐S and E‐W faults. These faults affected silicic volcanic rocks in two Oligocene extensional phases. In the Rupelian (~31 Ma), a NW trending domino fault system was formed, associated with fault domain boundaries (transfer or accommodation zones) oriented NW, NE, N‐S, and E‐W. The domino faults tilted the early Rupelian rocks, and the deformation was biaxial with the principal extension NE‐SW. Subsequently, the Rupelian structures were buried by the middle and late Rupelian volcanism. The second extensional phase occurred in the Chattian (after 28 Ma). In this phase, the Rupelian fault domain boundaries acted as faulting zones forming a polymodal fault system in the volcanic cover. The resulting deformation was triaxial with ENE and NNW horizontal principal extensions. From revision of cases in the literature and the deformation documented in the Mesa Central, we propose a general way to form a brittle triaxial deformation zone, requiring (1) the presence of planes of weakness in the upper crust, (2) the deposition of a cover, and (3) a subsequent faulting event reactivating the underlying anisotropies and producing new faults in the cover.

中文翻译:

地壳上的脆性三轴形变形带的发展:以墨西哥中南部南部为例

多峰断层模式适应三轴变形已被广泛接受。多相伸展和继承的构造织物已被认为是伸展系统中多峰断层发育的共同特征。这项研究记录了墨西哥梅萨中部多峰正断层系统的发展,重点是形变场的演化。故障系统包括NW和NE抓取器以及N-S和E-W故障。这些断层影响了两个渐新世伸展相的硅质火山岩。在Rupelian(〜31 Ma)中,形成了NW趋势多米诺断层系统,与面向NW,NE,NS和EW的断层域边界(转移或适应带)相关。多米诺断层使早期的Rupelian岩石倾斜,变形为双轴,主延伸为NE-SW。随后,Rupelian结构被Rupelian中晚期火山作用掩埋。第二个伸展期发生在查天(28 Ma之后)。在这一阶段,Rupelian断层域边界充当断层带,在火山覆盖层中形成多峰断层系统。产生的变形为三轴,具有ENE和NNW水平主延伸。从文献中的案例修订和Mesa Central中记录的变形中,我们提出了一种形成脆性三轴变形区的一般方法,要求(1)上地壳存在弱化平面,(2)沉积地壳。 (3)随后的断层事件重新激活了下层的各向异性,并在盖层中产生了新的断层。第二个伸展期发生在查天(28 Ma之后)。在这一阶段,Rupelian断层域边界充当断层带,在火山覆盖层中形成多峰断层系统。产生的变形为三轴,具有ENE和NNW水平主延伸。从文献中的案例修订和Mesa Central中记录的变形中,我们提出了一种形成脆性三轴变形区的一般方法,要求(1)上地壳存在弱化平面,(2)沉积地壳。 (3)随后的断层事件重新激活了下层的各向异性,并在盖层中产生了新的断层。第二个伸展期发生在查天(28 Ma之后)。在这一阶段,Rupelian断层域边界充当断层带,在火山覆盖层中形成多峰断层系统。产生的变形为三轴,具有ENE和NNW水平主延伸。从文献中的案例修改和Mesa Central中记录的变形中,我们提出了一种形成脆性三轴变形区的一般方法,要求(1)上地壳存在弱化平面,(2)沉积地壳。 (3)随后的断层事件重新激活了下层的各向异性,并在盖层中产生了新的断层。产生的变形为三轴,具有ENE和NNW水平主延伸。从文献中的案例修订和Mesa Central中记录的变形中,我们提出了一种形成脆性三轴变形区的一般方法,要求(1)上地壳存在弱化平面,(2)沉积地壳。 (3)随后的断层事件重新激活了基础各向异性,并在盖层中产生了新的断层。产生的变形为三轴,具有ENE和NNW水平主延伸。从文献中的案例修改和Mesa Central中记录的变形中,我们提出了一种形成脆性三轴变形区的一般方法,要求(1)上地壳存在弱化平面,(2)沉积地壳。 (3)随后的断层事件重新激活了基础各向异性,并在盖层中产生了新的断层。
更新日期:2020-11-03
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