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Drastic Vegetation Change in the Guajira Peninsula (Colombia) During the Neogene
Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-16 , DOI: 10.1029/2020pa003933
Carlos Jaramillo 1, 2, 3 , Pierre Sepulchre 4 , Damian Cardenas 1, 5 , Alexander Correa‐Metrio 6 , J. Enrique Moreno 1 , Raul Trejos 7 , Diego Vallejos 7 , Natalia Hoyos 8 , Camila Martínez 1 , Daniella Carvalho 1 , Jaime Escobar 1, 8 , Francisca Oboh‐Ikuenobe 5 , Mercedes B. Prámparo 9 , Diego Pinzón 9
Affiliation  

Dry biomes occupy ~35% of the landscape in the Neotropics, but these are heavily human‐disturbed. In spite of their importance, we still do not fully understand their origins and how they are sustained. The Guajira Peninsula in northern Colombia is dominated by dry biomes and has a rich Neogene fossil record. Here, we have analyzed its changes in vegetation and precipitation during the Neogene using a fossil pollen and spore dataset of 20 samples taken from a well and we also dated the stratigraphic sequence using microfossils. In addition, we analyzed the pollen and spore contents of 10 Holocene samples to establish a modern baseline for comparison with the Neogene as well as a study of the modern vegetation to assess both its spatial distribution and anthropic disturbances during the initial stages of European colonization. The section was dated to span from the latest Oligocene to the early Miocene (~24.2 to 17.3 Ma), with the Oligocene/Miocene boundary being in the lower Uitpa Formation. The early Miocene vegetation is dominated by a rainforest biome with a mean annual precipitation of ~2,000 mm/yr, which strongly contrasts with Guajira's modern xerophytic vegetation and a precipitation of ~300 mm/yr. The shift to the dry modern vegetation probably occurred over the past three millions years, but the mechanism that led to this change is still uncertain. Global circulation models that include the vegetation could explain the ancient climate of Guajira, but further work is required to assess the feedbacks of vegetation, precipitation, and CO2.

中文翻译:

新近纪瓜希拉半岛(哥伦比亚)的剧烈植被变化

在新热带地区,干燥的生物群落占据了约35%的景观,但这些生物群落受到了人类的严重干扰。尽管它们很重要,但我们仍然没有完全了解它们的起源以及如何维持它们。哥伦比亚北部的瓜伊吉拉半岛(Guajira Peninsula)以干燥的生物群落为主,并拥有丰富的新近纪化石记录。在这里,我们使用化石花粉和孢子数据集(从一口井中采集的20个样品)分析了新近纪期间植被和降水的变化,并且我们还使用了微化石对地层序列进行了测年。此外,我们分析了10个全新世样品的花粉和孢子含量,以建立与新近系进行比较的现代基线,并研究了现代植被,以评估其在欧洲殖民初期的空间分布和人类干扰。该断层的年代为从最新的渐新世到中新世早期(〜24.2至17.3 Ma),渐新世/中新世边界位于下伊特帕组。中新世早期的植被以雨林生物群落为主,年平均降水量约为2000毫米/年,这与瓜吉拉的现代旱生植被和300毫米/年的降水形成鲜明对比。向干燥现代植被的转移可能发生在过去三百万年,但是导致这种变化的机制仍不确定。包括植被在内的全球环流模型可以解释瓜希拉州的古老气候,但是还需要进一步的工作来评估植被,降水和二氧化碳的反馈。渐新世/中新世边界位于下层Uitpa组。中新世早期的植被以雨林生物群落为主,年平均降水量约为2000毫米/年,这与瓜吉拉的现代旱生植被和300毫米/年的降水形成鲜明对比。向干燥现代植被的转移可能发生在过去三百万年,但是导致这种变化的机制仍不确定。包括植被在内的全球环流模型可以解释瓜希拉州的古老气候,但是还需要进一步的工作来评估植被,降水和二氧化碳的反馈。渐新世/中新世边界位于下层Uitpa组。中新世早期的植被以雨林生物群落为主,年平均降水量约为2000毫米/年,这与瓜吉拉的现代旱生植被和300毫米/年的降水形成鲜明对比。向干燥现代植被的转移可能发生在过去三百万年,但是导致这种变化的机制仍不确定。包括植被在内的全球环流模型可以解释瓜希拉州的古老气候,但是还需要进一步的工作来评估植被,降水和二氧化碳的反馈。是现代旱生植被,每年降水量约300毫米。向干燥现代植被的转移可能发生在过去三百万年,但是导致这种变化的机制仍不确定。包括植被在内的全球环流模型可以解释瓜希拉州的古老气候,但是还需要进一步的工作来评估植被,降水和二氧化碳的反馈。是现代旱生植被,每年降水量约300毫米。向干燥现代植被的转移可能发生在过去三百万年,但是导致这种变化的机制仍不确定。包括植被在内的全球环流模型可以解释瓜希拉州的古老气候,但是还需要进一步的工作来评估植被,降水和二氧化碳的反馈。2
更新日期:2020-11-02
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