Autonomous Reef Monitoring Structures (ARMS) have been applied worldwide to characterize the critical yet frequently overlooked biodiversity patterns of marine benthic organisms. In order to disentangle the relevance of environmental factors in benthic patterns, here, through standardized metabarcoding protocols, we analyse sessile and mobile (<2 mm) organisms collected using ARMS deployed across six regions with different environmental conditions (3 sites × 3 replicates per region): Baltic, Western Mediterranean, Adriatic, Black and Red Seas, and the Bay of Biscay. A total of 27,473 Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs) were observed ranging from 1,404 in the Black Sea to 9,958 in the Red Sea. No ASVs were shared among all regions. The highest number of shared ASVs was between the Western Mediterranean and the Adriatic Sea (116) and Bay of Biscay (115). Relatively high numbers of ASVs (103), mostly associated with the genus Amphibalanus, were also shared between the lower salinity seas (Baltic and Black Seas). We found that compositional differences in spatial patterns of rocky‐shore benthos are determined slightly more by dispersal limitation than environmental filtering. Dispersal limitation was similar between sessile and mobile groups, while the sessile group had a larger environmental niche breadth than the mobile group. Further, our study can provide a foundation for future evaluations of biodiversity patterns in the cryptobiome, which can contribute up to 70% of the local biodiversity.

中文翻译：

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元条形码自主礁监测结构揭示的泛区域海洋底栖生物组生物多样性模式

自治礁监测结构（ARMS）已在世界范围内应用，以表征海洋底栖生物的关键但经常被忽视的生物多样性模式。为了弄清底栖模式中环境因素的相关性，在这里，我们通过标准化的元条形码协议，分析了使用ARMS分布在六个具有不同环境条件的区域（3个地点×3个重复区域）上收集的无柄和活动生物（<2 mm） ）：波罗的海，西地中海，亚得里亚海，黑海和红海以及比斯开湾。总共观察到27,473个扩增子序列变异（ASV），范围从黑海的1,404到红海的9,958。没有在所有地区之间共享ASV。共享的ASV数量最多的是在西地中海与亚得里亚海（116）和比斯开湾（115）之间。相对较高的ASV（103），主要与属有关低盐度海（波罗的海和黑海）之间也有两栖类。我们发现，岩石海岸底栖生物空间格局的组成差异是由分散限制所决定的，而不是环境过滤所决定的。无柄和移动组之间的扩散限制相似，而无柄组的环境利基宽度比移动组更大。此外，我们的研究可以为将来评估密码生物组中生物多样性模式提供基础，该算法可贡献多达70％的当地生物多样性。