Calcineurin B-like (CBL) and CBL-interacting protein kinase (CIPK) play a crucial role in biotic and abiotic stress responses. However, the roles of different CIPKs in biotic and abiotic stress responses are less well characterized. In this study, we identified a mutation leading to an early protein termination of the maize CIPK gene ZmCIPK42 that undergoes a G to A mutation at the coding region via searching for genes involved in salt stress tolerance and ion homeostasis from maize with querying the EMS mutant library of maize B73. The mutant zmcipk42 plants have less branched tassel and impaired salt stress tolerance at the seedling stage. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that ZmCIPK42was expressed in diverse tissuesand was induced by NaCl stress. A yeast two-hybrid screen identified a proteinase inhibitor (ZmMPI) as well as calcineurin B-like protein 1 and 4 (ZmCBL1, ZmCBL4) as interaction partners of ZmCIPK42. These interactions were further confirmed by bimolecular fluorescence complementation in plant cells. Moreover, over-expressing ZmCIPK42 resulted in enhanced tolerance to high salinity in both maize and Arabidopsis. These findings suggest that ZmCIPK42 is a positive regulator of salt stress tolerance and is a promising candidate gene to improve salt stress tolerance in maize through genetic manipulation.

中文翻译：

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玉米钙调神经磷酸酶 B 样相互作用蛋白激酶 ZmCIPK42 赋予盐胁迫耐受性

钙调神经磷酸酶 B 样 (CBL) 和 CBL 相互作用蛋白激酶 (CIPK) 在生物和非生物应激反应中起着至关重要的作用。然而，不同 CIPK 在生物和非生物胁迫反应中的作用还没有得到很好的表征。在这项研究中，我们通过查询 EMS 突变体，从玉米中寻找与盐胁迫耐受性和离子稳态相关的基因，确定了导致玉米 CIPK 基因 ZmCIPK42 早期蛋白质终止的突变，该基因在编码区发生 G 到 A 突变。玉米 B73 文库。突变体 zmcipk42 植物在幼苗阶段具有较少的分枝雄蕊和受损的盐胁迫耐受性。定量实时PCR分析表明，ZmCIPK42在多种组织中表达，并受NaCl胁迫诱导。酵母双杂交筛选确定了蛋白酶抑制剂 (ZmMPI) 以及钙调神经磷酸酶 B 样蛋白 1 和 4（ZmCBL1、ZmCBL4）作为 ZmCIPK42 的相互作用伙伴。通过植物细胞中的双分子荧光互补进一步证实了这些相互作用。此外，过表达 ZmCIPK42 导致玉米和拟南芥对高盐度的耐受性增强。这些发现表明 ZmCIPK42 是盐胁迫耐受性的正调节因子，是通过遗传操作提高玉米盐胁迫耐受性的有希望的候选基因。过表达 ZmCIPK42 导致玉米和拟南芥对高盐度的耐受性增强。这些发现表明 ZmCIPK42 是盐胁迫耐受性的正调节因子，是通过遗传操作提高玉米盐胁迫耐受性的有希望的候选基因。过表达 ZmCIPK42 导致玉米和拟南芥对高盐度的耐受性增强。这些发现表明 ZmCIPK42 是盐胁迫耐受性的正调节因子，是通过遗传操作提高玉米盐胁迫耐受性的有希望的候选基因。