Nanomaterials have been widely used in cancer treatment and have achieved remarkable results. However, the specificity of the tumor microenvironment and a series of biological barriers (such as blood flow, cell membrane, dense tissue, etc.) have caused many obstacles faced by nanomaterials after entering the human body, which makes traditional drug delivery vehicles have insurmountable difficulties, such as low delivery efficiency, poor permeability, etc. The micro/nanomotors with autonomous movement capabilities provide the possibility to solve the above problems. Therefore, this review summarizes the current researches of micro/nanomotors strategies to overcome the different biological barriers of nanomaterials in cancer treatment. The advantages and disadvantages of three typical micro/nanomotors (biological, physical and chemical micro/nanomotors) in cancer treatment are summarized separately, and the future design of micro/nanomotors more suitable for tumor environment was discussed.

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微纳电机用于癌症治疗的研究进展

纳米材料已广泛应用于癌症治疗，并取得了显著成效。然而，肿瘤微环境的特殊性和一系列生物屏障（如血流、细胞膜、致密组织等）导致纳米材料进入人体后面临诸多障碍，这使得传统的给药载体难以逾越。输送效率低、渗透性差等困难。具有自主运动能力的微纳米马达为解决上述问题提供了可能。因此，本综述总结了目前微/纳米马达策略的研究，以克服纳米材料在癌症治疗中的不同生物障碍。三种典型微/纳米电机（生物、