Abstract In 1890 the so called “Shigir Idol” was found in a peat bog and for a long time discussion on the dating of the wooden sculpture was going on. In the 1990s first conventional radiocarbon dates suggested a Mesolithic context, but a series of recent AMS-results date the object close to the beginning of the Holocene (c. 10,000 calBC). The surprisingly early date makes the find the earliest monumental wooden sculpture of the world. A direct parallel is not available and this hampers the interpretation and contextualization of the find. Here we discuss the find according to aspects such as wood working and the type of sculpture and decoration in the Late Palaeolithic to Early Mesolithic context of Eurasia. We can show that there is a long tradition of wood working since the Lower Palaeolithic and the very limited evidence of wooden objects from the Palaeolithic and Mesolithic is due to preservation conditions. Anthropomorphic figures are sometimes present in Late Glacial art and less anthropomorphic representations are available from the Early Mesolithic. The geometric patterns of the Shigir sculpture such as simple lines and zigzag-ornaments are common elements of Late Palaeolithic and Early Mesolithic decoration. In conclusion the different elements of the Shigir sculpture fit better to the record of Late Glacial to Early Mesolithic art in Eurasia than expected. We see this as a confirmation of the early date of the monumental sculpture. The figure demonstrates a complex expression of symbolic behavior and art of hunter-gatherers at that time. The only general parallel of monumental anthropomorphic figures from that time can be mentioned from the far distant Gobekli Tepe site in eastern Anatolia.

中文翻译：

---

欧亚大陆早期艺术语境下的希吉尔偶像

摘要 1890 年，在泥炭沼泽中发现了所谓的“Shigir Idol”，关于木雕年代的讨论一直在进行。在 1990 年代，第一个常规放射性碳测年表明它属于中石器时代，但最近的一系列 AMS 结果确定该天体的日期接近全新世的开始（约 10,000 calBC）。令人惊讶的早期日期使该发现成为世界上最早的纪念性木雕。直接平行不可用，这妨碍了对发现的解释和上下文化。在这里，我们根据欧亚大陆旧石器时代晚期至中石器时代早期的木工、雕塑和装饰类型等方面来讨论这一发现。我们可以证明，自旧石器时代晚期以来，木材加工有着悠久的传统，而旧石器时代和中石器时代的木制物品的证据非常有限，这是由于保存条件。晚冰期艺术中有时会出现拟人形象，而中石器时代早期的拟人形象较少。Shigir雕塑的几何图案，如简单的线条和锯齿形装饰，是旧石器时代晚期和中石器时代早期装饰的常见元素。总之，希吉尔雕塑的不同元素比预期的更适合欧亚大陆晚冰期到中石器时代早期艺术的记录。我们认为这是对纪念性雕塑的早期日期的确认。该图展示了当时狩猎采集者象征性行为和艺术的复杂表达。