Abstract Soil erosion plays a vital role in the performance of hydraulic projections such as earth dams and embankments. To improve the erosion resistance of the soil is crucial for preventing the dam break and assuring the safety of the hydraulic projections. In this study, three chemical stabilizers, i.e., sodium silicate (SS) solution, lignosulfonate (LS) powder, and sodium polyacrylate (PAANa), are used to treat the sandy soil. A set of hole erosion tests to investigate the erosion behaviors in treated and untreated specimens. The experiments collect flux and the mass of eroded particles during the erosion process. These data then yield the relations between hydraulic shear stress and erosion rate. Erosion coefficients, i.e., the critical shear stress (CSS), and the erosion rate index (ERI), are acquired from linearly fitted relation curves between the hydraulic shear stress and the erosion rate. During the erosion experiments, we observe that the erosion continues in untreated specimens and leads to the collapse of the specimens if the experiment is not stopped. On the other hand, erosion in treated specimens stops automatically after a long erosion time, even if the hydraulic gradient is maintained. These results indicate that the stabilizers improve the anti-erosion capability of the soil specimen. The improvement becomes significantly noticeable if the stabilizer content and the curing time increase. Among the three stabilizers tested in the experiments, PAANa performs best in treating the sandy soil since the rate of increase in CSS and ERI reaches 214.4% and 85.4%, respectively, when 1.5% PAANa is added into the specimen. The rates of increase in CSS and ERI are 23.2% and 43.8%, respectively, for the specimens treated with lignosulfonate, given the same other conditions. Based on the results, the choice of the stabilizer is discussed and suggested.

中文翻译：

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化学稳定剂处理土壤孔蚀行为的试验研究

摘要 土壤侵蚀对土坝和堤防等水利工程的性能起着至关重要的作用。提高土壤的抗冲刷能力，对于防止溃坝、保证水利工程的安全至关重要。在这项研究中，三种化学稳定剂，即硅酸钠 (SS) 溶液、木质素磺酸盐 (LS) 粉末和聚丙烯酸钠 (PAANa)，用于处理沙质土壤。一组孔侵蚀测试，用于研究处理和未处理样品的侵蚀行为。实验收集了侵蚀过程中的通量和被侵蚀颗粒的质量。这些数据然后产生水力剪切应力和侵蚀速率之间的关系。侵蚀系数，即临界剪应力（CSS）和侵蚀速率指数（ERI），从水力剪切应力和侵蚀速率之间的线性拟合关系曲线获得。在侵蚀实验过程中，我们观察到侵蚀在未经处理的试样中继续进行，如果不停止实验，将导致试样坍塌。另一方面，即使保持水力梯度，经过长时间侵蚀后，处理过的试样的侵蚀也会自动停止。这些结果表明稳定剂提高了土样的抗侵蚀能力。如果稳定剂含量和固化时间增加，则改善变得显着。在试验中测试的三种稳定剂中，PAANa在处理沙质土壤方面表现最好，当试样中加入1.5%的PAANa时，CSS和ERI的增加率分别达到214.4%和85.4%。在其他条件相同的情况下，用木质素磺酸盐处理的标本的 CSS 和 ERI 增加率分别为 23.2% 和 43.8%。在此基础上，对稳定剂的选择进行了讨论和建议。