This paper reports the developed non-destructive methods for the plutonium isotopes and strontium-90 content determination in hot particles and other samples. The proposed methods are based on the measurement of the characteristic X-rays accompanying the decay of these radionuclides. For hot particles of NPP accident origin, the proposed method's error limits are 10–15% for hot particles (samples) with activity above 100 Bq and 15–20% for hot particles (samples) with activity less than 100 Bq. For explosive particles, the determination accuracy is 10–15% for activity more than 5 Bq and 20–30% for 0.1–5 Bq activity. The accuracy of the proposed method for determining ⁹⁰Sr in samples with its specific content of more than 10⁴ Bq/sample is 5%, with ~10² Bq/sample its content is 15–20%. The cost of one sample measurement and the processing time of these methods are significantly reduced compared to traditional studies. The proposed methods are reasonably simple measurement methods and can be carried out even in the field condition. They open up new possibilities for the quick search and study of hot particles and environmental samples.

本文报道了开发的用于热颗粒和其他样品中determination同位素和90锶含量测定的非破坏性方法。所提出的方法基于伴随这些放射性核素衰变的特征X射线的测量。对于NPP事故源的热粒子，对于活度高于100 Bq的热粒子（样品），建议的方法的误差极限为10–15％，而活度低于100 Bq的热粒子（样品）的误差极限为15–20％。对于爆炸性粒子，活度大于5 Bq的测定准确度为10-15％，活度为0.1-5 Bq的测定准确度为20-30％。所提出的方法的用于确定的准确度⁹⁰锶与多于10的其特定含量的样品⁴贝/样品为5％，用〜10 ²Bq /样品的含量为15–20％。与传统研究相比，一次样品测量的成本和这些方法的处理时间大大减少了。所提出的方法是相当简单的测量方法，甚至可以在野外条件下进行。它们为快速搜索和研究热颗粒和环境样品开辟了新的可能性。