The stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has been considered as the largest obstacle to their commercialization. Herein, we observed that the main failure mechanism for MAPbI₃ perovskite is the escape of methylammonium (MA) iodide at the grain boundaries in an open space or the reconstruction of crystal in a confined small space, as well as the irreversible long-distance ionic migration under the multiple actions of light, heat, and electrical bias. Strengthened with bifunctional organic molecular of 5-ammoniumvaleric acid (5-AVA) iodide at the grain boundaries, the MAPbI₃ crystal was localized in the nanoscale, and thus, the decomposition or reconstruction was inhibited and the ionic migration became reversible. As a result, we propose a reliable approach to make PSCs meet stability standards of IEC61215:2016 qualification tests. A printable PSC filled with (5-AVA)_XMA_1-XPbI₃ has been working for more than 9,000 h at a maximum power point of 55°C ± 5°C without obvious decay.

钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC）的稳定性已被认为是其商业化的最大障碍。在这里，我们观察到MAPbI ₃钙钛矿的主要失效机理是甲基碘（MA）碘化物在开放空间的晶界逸出或在狭窄的小空间中晶体的重建，以及不可逆的长距离离子在光，热和电偏压的多种作用下迁移。MAPbI ₃在晶界处由双功能的5-铵戊酸（5-AVA）碘化物有机分子强化晶体位于纳米级，因此，分解或重建受到抑制，离子迁移变得可逆。因此，我们提出了一种可靠的方法来使PSC满足IEC61215：2016资格测试的稳定性标准。填充有（5-AVA）_X MA _1-X PbI ₃的可打印PSC在55°C±5°C的最大功率点下工作9,000小时以上，而没有明显的衰减。