Background

Although it is recognized that the majority of children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) have balance deficits, comprehensive insights into which balance domains are affected, are still lacking in literature.

Research question

To what extent is balance control deficient in individuals with DCD compared to controls?

Methods

Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Science were systematically searched. Risk of bias was assessed with the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network checklist for case-control studies. Mean and standard deviations characterizing balance control were extracted to calculate standardized mean differences (SMD) and pooled, if possible, using Review Manager.

Results

The results of 31 studies (1152 individuals with DCD, 1103 typically developing (TD) peers, mean age 10.4 years old) were extracted of which 17 were used for meta-analysis. The mean SMD for the balance subscale of the Movement Assessment Battery for Children was 1.63 (pooled 95 %CI =[1.30;1.97]), indicating children with DCD to perform significantly poorer than their TD peers. Force plate studies also revealed that children with DCD present with a larger sway path during bipedal stance with eyes closed (pooled mean SMD = 0.55; 95 %CI=[0.32;0.78]). Children with DCD tend to have direction-specific limited stability limits and task-independent delayed onset of anticipatory postural adjustments.

Interpretation

Children with DCD perform poorer on different domains of balance compared to TD peers. Future research should focus on comprehensive balance assessment in these children, preferably using a longitudinal design.

中文翻译：

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发育协调障碍患者的平衡控制：系统评价和荟萃分析

背景

尽管已经认识到大多数患有发育协调障碍（DCD）的儿童存在平衡缺陷，但文献中仍然缺乏对平衡域受到影响的全面见解。

研究问题

与对照相比，DCD个体的平衡对照缺乏多少？

方法

系统搜索了Pubmed，Scopus和Web of Science。偏见风险通过苏格兰跨院指南网络清单进行了病例对照研究。提取表征平衡控制的均值和标准差，以计算标准均值差（SMD），并在可能的情况下使用Review Manager进行汇总。

结果

提取了31项研究的结果（1152名DCD个体，1103名典型的发育中（TD）同龄人，平均年龄10.4岁），其中17项用于荟萃分析。儿童运动评估电池平衡量表的平均SMD为1.63（合并的95％CI = [1.30; 1.97]），表明DCD儿童的表现明显较TD同类儿童差。推力板研究还显示，双足站立时双足站立时，DCD儿童的摇摆路径较大（合并平均SMD = 0.55； 95％CI = [0.32; 0.78]）。患有DCD的儿童倾向于具有特定于方向的有限稳定性极限，并且与任务无关的预期姿势调整延迟发作。

解释

与TD同伴相比，DCD儿童在不同的平衡领域表现较差。未来的研究应集中在这些孩子的全面平衡评估上，最好使用纵向设计。