Nosocomial virus infections cause significant morbidity and mortality. Besides influenza viruses, the disease burden of parainfluenza virus type 3 (PIV-3) is comparatively high among hospitalized patients and severe disease courses can occur. PIV-3 showed the highest rates of nosocomial infections of a panel of respiratory viruses. Therefore, a retrospective observational study was conducted among patients with either PIV-3 or influenza viruses, which served as reference pathogen. The aim was to compare the seasonal dynamics and clinical characteristics of nosocomial infections with these highly transmittable viruses. Nosocomial infection occurred in 15.8% (n = 177) of all influenza cases, mainly in the first half of a season. About 24.3% (n = 104) of the PIV-3 cases were nosocomial and occurred mainly in the second half of a season. Both nosocomial rates of influenza and nosocomial rates of PIV-3 varied between the seasons. Community acquired and nosocomial cases differed in underlying medical conditions and immunosuppression. Knowledge of the baseline rates of nosocomial infections could contribute to the implementation of appropriate infection control measures.

医院内病毒感染导致显着的发病率和死亡率。除流感病毒外，副流感病毒3型（PIV-3）在住院患者中的疾病负担较高，并且可能发生严重的病程。PIV-3 显示出一组呼吸道病毒的最高院内感染率。因此，在作为参考病原体的 PIV-3 或流感病毒患者中进行了一项回顾性观察研究。目的是比较医院感染与这些高度传播病毒的季节性动态和临床特征。医院感染发生在 所有流感病例的15.8% ( n = 177) 中，主要发生在一个季节的前半段。约 24.3% ( n = 104) 的 PIV-3 病例是院内感染的，主要发生在一个赛季的后半段。流感的院内感染率和 PIV-3 的院内感染率在季节之间有所不同。社区获得性病例和院内病例在潜在的医疗条件和免疫抑制方面存在差异。了解医院感染的基线率有助于实施适当的感染控制措施。