Fixed bed supports of various materials (metal, ceramic, polymer) and geometries are used to enhance the performance of many unit operations in chemical processes. Consider first metal and ceramic monolith support structures, which are typically extruded. Extruded monoliths contain regular, parallel channels enabling high throughput because of the low pressure drop accompanying high flow rate. However, extruded channels have a low surface-area-to-volume ratio resulting in low contact between the fluid phase and the support. Additive manufacturing, also referred to as three dimensional printing (3DP), can be used to overcome these disadvantages by offering precise control over key design parameters of the fixed bed including material-of-construction and total bed surface area, as well as accommodating system integration features compatible with continuous flow chemistry. These design parameters together with optimized extrinsic process conditions can be tuned to prepare customizable separation and reaction systems based on objectives for chemical process and/or the desired product. We discuss key elements of leveraging the flexibility of additive manufacturing to intensification with a focus on applications in continuous flow processes and disperse, multiphase systems enabling a range of scalable chemistry spanning discovery to manufacturing operations.

各种材料（金属，陶瓷，聚合物）和几何形状的固定床支架可用于增强化学过程中许多单元操作的性能。考虑通常是挤压的第一金属和陶瓷整体支撑结构。挤出的整料包含规则的平行通道，由于伴随高流速的低压降，因此可实现高通量。然而，挤出的通道具有低的表面积与体积之比，导致流体相与载体之间的低接触。通过对固定床的关键设计参数（包括结构材料和总床表面积）进行精确控制，可以使用增材制造（也称为三维印刷（3DP））来克服这些缺点。以及与连续流化学反应兼容的系统集成功能。可以调整这些设计参数以及优化的外部工艺条件，以基于化学工艺和/或所需产品的目标来制备可定制的分离和反应系统。我们讨论了利用增材制造的灵活性进行强化的关键要素，重点是连续流工艺和分散多相系统中的应用，这些系统可实现从发现到制造操作的一系列可扩展化学反应。