Though climate change is widely known to negatively affect the distribution and abundance of many species, few studies have focused on species that may benefit. Gentoo Penguin (Pygoscelis papua) populations have grown along the Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP), a region accounting for ~ 30% of their global population. These trends of population growth in Gentoo Penguins are in stark contrast to those of Adelie and Chinstrap Penguins, which have experienced considerable population declines along the WAP attributed to environmental changes. The recent discovery of previously unknown Gentoo Penguin colonies along the WAP and evidence for southern range expansion since the last global assessment in 2013 motivates this review of the abundance and distribution of this species. We compiled and collated all available recent data for every known Gentoo Penguin colony in the world and report on previously unknown Gentoo Penguin colonies along the Northwestern section of the WAP. We estimate the global population of Gentoo Penguins to be 432,144 (95th CI 338,059 – 534,114) breeding pairs, with approximately 364,359 (95th CI 324,052 – 405,132) breeding pairs (85% of the population) living in the Atlantic sector. Our estimates suggest that the global population has increased by approximately 11% since 2013, with even greater increases (23%) along the WAP. The Falkland Islands population, which comprises 30% of the global population, has remained stable, though only a subset of colonies have been surveyed since the last comprehensive survey in 2010. Our assessment identifies South Georgia and sub-Antarctic islands in the Indian Ocean as being the most critical data gaps for this species.

中文翻译：

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全球繁殖的 Gentoo Penguins (Pygoscelis papua) 丰度和分布的更新

尽管众所周知气候变化会对许多物种的分布和丰度产生负面影响，但很少有研究关注可能受益的物种。Gentoo Penguin (Pygoscelis papua) 种群沿着南极半岛西部 (WAP) 增长，该地区约占其全球人口的 30%。Gentoo Penguins 的这些人口增长趋势与 Adelie 和 Chinstrap Penguins 的人口增长趋势形成鲜明对比，后者由于环境变化在 WAP 沿线经历了相当大的人口下降。最近在 WAP 沿线发现了以前未知的 Gentoo Penguin 群落，以及自 2013 年上次全球评估以来南部范围扩张的证据，促使对该物种的丰度和分布进行了审查。我们汇编和整理了世界上每个已知的 Gentoo Penguin 殖民地的所有可用最新数据，并报告了 WAP 西北部以前未知的 Gentoo Penguin 殖民地。我们估计全球 Gentoo 企鹅数量为 432,144（第 95 个 CI 338,059 – 534,114）对繁殖对，其中大约 364,359（第 95 个 CI 324,052 – 405,132）对繁殖对（占人口的 85%）生活在大西洋地区。我们的估计表明，自 2013 年以来，全球人口增长了约 11%，沿 WAP 增长幅度更大（23%）。占全球人口 30% 的福克兰群岛人口一直保持稳定，但自 2010 年上次全面调查以来只调查了一小部分殖民地。