This study analysed the anthropogenic microparticles in the stomach content of the European anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) in the Ligurian Sea (NW Mediterranean). The results showed that 30–40% of the anchovies had ingested anthropogenic microparticles (on average, 0.34 ± 0.29 fibres ind−1 and 0.12 ± 0.12 fragments ind−1). The fibres were probably ingested via filtration, and were significantly correlated with the gut fullness. Fibres were mostly dark, but the presence of other colours was frequent, indicating a general lack of selectivity. Plastic fragments composed of polyethylene and polypropylene were prevalently transparent, suggesting active predation, especially for larger fragments resembling zooplankton. No significant differences were recorded for the frequency of fish containing particles among females, males, and undetermined individuals. The presence of, generally, only one anthropogenic item per fish, as observed for 95.8% of fish containing microparticles, indicated that the permanence of these particles in the stomachs was short, likely no more than 1 day, although it could also depend on low environmental concentrations. The evaluation of the intestinal lumen indicated that a portion of the plastic fragments found in the stomach could not be ejected. Hard fragments that were larger than the intestinal lumen could be held for longer times, but probably regurgitation, fragmentation, and embedding in a biological matrix may facilitate their quick elimination. It is pivotal to understand the processes that regulate the abundance and the residential time of anthropogenic particles in commercial organisms captured for human nutrition, given the potential biomagnification of toxic substances carried by ingested particles.

中文翻译：

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西地中海的欧洲凤尾鱼 (Engraulis encrasicolus) 摄入和消除人为纤维和微塑料碎片

本研究分析了利古里亚海（地中海西北部）欧洲凤尾鱼 (Engraulis encrasicolus) 胃内容物中的人为微粒。结果表明，30-40% 的凤尾鱼摄入了人为微粒（平均 0.34 ± 0.29 纤维 ind-1 和 0.12 ± 0.12 碎片 ind-1）。纤维可能是通过过滤摄入的，并且与肠道丰满度显着相关。纤维大多是深色的，但经常出现其他颜色，表明普遍缺乏选择性。由聚乙烯和聚丙烯组成的塑料碎片普遍是透明的，这表明捕食活动很活跃，尤其是对于类似浮游动物的较大碎片。雌性、雄性、和不确定的个人。95.8% 的鱼含有微粒，通常每条鱼只存在一种人为物质，这表明这些微粒在胃中的持久性很短，可能不超过 1 天，尽管它也可能取决于低环境浓度。对肠腔的评估表明，在胃中发现的部分塑料碎片无法排出。比肠腔大的硬碎片可以保留更长时间，但反流、碎裂和嵌入生物基质可能有助于它们的快速消除。了解为人类营养捕获的商业生物中人为颗粒的丰度和停留时间的调节过程至关重要，