The paper presents a case study of a small off-road vehicle and its response to ground excitations regarding the geometrical suspension properties and the variation of adjustable damping parameters, that can change restoring force in fast bump, slow bump and rebound zones. The shock absorber behaviour in force–velocity graphs is obtained from experimental data and introduced in the simulation by a lookup table strategy, without a mathematical model describing the damping behaviour. The analysis is done through a seven degrees-of-freedom model, describing the full vehicle, and assembled in a state space form. Ground excitations are inserted as wheel displacement from random road vibrations and a single road bump, with the use of a roller contact model. The acceleration transmitted to the driver is compared to comfort standards to verify possible discomfort or danger to health damages in long exposure. The outputs are validated with linear potentiometers, showing that the model can accurately predict the shock absorbers behaviour and, consequently, the accelerations transmitted to the driver. To the shock absorbers studied, low bump velocities do not affect significantly exposure risk to vibrations and present a small comfort improvement. Otherwise, through road bumps, a softer regulation ensures a better performance, reducing sprung mass displacement in 31% and accelerations transmitted in 33% at the shock absorber regulation range.

本文针对小型越野车及其对地面激励的响应进行了案例研究，涉及几何悬架特性和可调节阻尼参数的变化，这些参数可以改变快速颠簸，慢速颠簸和回弹区域的恢复力。力-速度图中的减震器行为是从实验数据中获得的，并通过查找表策略引入仿真中，而没有描述阻尼行为的数学模型。通过七个自由度模型进行分析，描述整个车辆，并以状态空间形式组装。使用滚轮接触模型，通过随机道路振动和单个道路颠簸插入车轮车轮引起的地面激励。将传递给驾驶员的加速度与舒适度标准进行比较，以验证长时间接触可能产生的不适感或危害健康的危险。输出通过线性电位计进行了验证，表明该模型可以准确预测减震器的性能，并因此将加速度传递给驾驶员。对于所研究的减震器，低的颠簸速度不会显着影响振动的暴露风险，并且不会带来轻微的舒适度改善。否则，通过道路颠簸，较柔和的调节可确保更好的性能，在减震器调节范围内，将簧上质量位移降低31％，将传递的加速度降低33％。表明该模型可以准确预测减震器的性能，并因此预测传递给驾驶员的加速度。对于所研究的减震器，低的颠簸速度不会显着影响振动的暴露风险，并且不会带来轻微的舒适度改善。否则，通过道路颠簸，较柔和的调节可确保更好的性能，在减震器调节范围内，将簧上质量位移降低31％，将传递的加速度降低33％。表明该模型可以准确预测减震器的性能，并因此预测传递给驾驶员的加速度。对于所研究的减震器，低的颠簸速度不会显着影响振动的暴露风险，并且不会带来轻微的舒适度改善。否则，通过道路颠簸，较柔和的调节可确保更好的性能，在减震器调节范围内，将簧上质量位移降低31％，将传递的加速度降低33％。