Anaerobic digestion is proposed for sustainable exploitation of the huge amounts of residues produced yearly by tomato processing. The aim of this study was to analyze the biological effects of water-soluble organic fractions of tomato pomace digestates applied on soil and plant, at a laboratory scale. Digestates are derived from a short-term dark fermentation batch experiment of tomato pomace and buffalo slurry at three decreasing ratios (12:1, 8:1, and 6:1, respectively Set 1, Set 2, and Set 3). Bioassays on soil and plant were carried out after addition of different amounts of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) extracted from the three sets: microbial pool content, respiration activity, root development, and cell division were considered. Digestate from Set 1 showed the highest content of volatile fatty acids (about 80 mg UL−1), suggesting an efficient fermentation process which led to lower water solubility of organic substrates. The highest carbon mineralization rate in soil (4.29%) occurred with DOC additions from Set 1 (p 0.05) was detected in the micronuclei assay. Soluble organic forms of these digestates are a nutrient source for soil microorganism metabolism and at low doses show a hormonal-like action, without toxicological or genotoxicity effects on soil biota and root cell.

中文翻译：

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评估番茄渣消化物中可溶性有机组分的生物学价值

厌氧消化被提议用于可持续利用番茄加工每年产生的大量残留物。本研究的目的是在实验室规模分析应用在土壤和植物上的番茄渣消化物的水溶性有机部分的生物学效应。消化物来自番茄渣和水牛浆以三种递减比例（分别为 12:1、8:1 和 6:1，分别为第 1、第 2 和第 3 组）的短期暗发酵批次实验。在添加从三组中提取的不同量的溶解有机碳 (DOC) 后，对土壤和植物进行了生物测定：考虑了微生物池含量、呼吸活性、根发育和细胞分裂。第 1 组的消化物显示出最高含量的挥发性脂肪酸（约 80 毫克 UL-1），表明有效的发酵过程导致有机底物的水溶性降低。土壤中最高的碳矿化率 (4.29%) 发生在从第 1 组 (p 0.05) 添加 DOC 的微核测定中。这些消化物的可溶性有机形式是土壤微生物代谢的营养来源，在低剂量下显示出类似激素的作用，对土壤生物群和根细胞没有毒理学或遗传毒性影响。