This investigation aimed to assess the impacts of integrated industrial wastewater (IIW) irrigation on soil properties in the rural area of Haridwar, India, under cultivation of a leafy vegetable, i.e., spinach (Spinacia oleracea). Based on the field data of two cropping years (2016–2017 and 2017–2018), soil characteristics-based prediction models were developed to evaluate heavy metals (HM) uptake by spinach tissues (roots and leaves) using the multivariate regression method. The results showed a significant increase (P < 0.05) in the growth and productivity of spinach plants in IIW irrigated soils as compared to normal borewell water irrigation. For the prediction models, soil parameters including pH, organic matter (%), and HM (mg/Kg) availability showed a significant effect on the HM absorption process by spinach tissues. Besides this, the models were tested using ANOVA (P < 0.001), Student’s t test, model efficiency (> 0.50), and coefficient of determination (R² > 0.81) tools. Furthermore, the prediction models were also verified for their applicability in the 2018–2019 cropping year which gave satisfactory outcomes. The findings of this investigation are important in terms of predicting hazardous HM accumulation in the vegetable crops being grown in wastewater irrigated soils.

这项调查旨在评估在种植多叶蔬菜菠菜（菠菜）的情况下，印度哈里瓦瓦尔农村地区的综合工业废水（IIW）灌溉对土壤特性的影响。基于两个作物年度（2016-2017年和2017-2018年）的田间数据，开发了基于土壤特性的预测模型，以使用多元回归方法评估菠菜组织（根和叶）对重金属（HM）的吸收。结果显示显着增加（P与常规井眼水灌溉相比，IIW灌溉土壤中菠菜植物的生长和生产力<0.05）。对于预测模型，土壤参数包括pH，有机质（％）和HM（mg / Kg）的有效性显示对菠菜组织对HM吸收过程的显着影响。除此之外，还使用ANOVA（P <0.001），Student's t检验，模型效率（> 0.50）和确定系数（R ²）对模型进行了测试。> 0.81）工具。此外，还对预测模型在2018-2019种植年度的适用性进行了验证，结果令人满意。这项研究的发现对于预测废水灌溉土壤中种植的蔬菜作物中有害的HM积累具有重要意义。