Purpose

The purpose of this study is to provide conflict-free operations in terminal manoeuvre areas (TMA) using the point merge system (PMS), airspeed reduction (ASR) and ground holding (GH) techniques. The objective is to minimize both total aircraft delay (TD) and the total number of the conflict resolution manoeuvres (CRM).

Design/methodology/approach

The mixed integer linear programming (MILP) is used for both single and multi-objective optimization approaches to solve aircraft sequencing and scheduling problem (ASSP). Compromise criterion and ε-constraint methods were included in the methodology. The results of the single objective optimization approach results were compared with baseline results, which were obtained using the first come first serve approach, in terms of the total number of the CRM, TD, the number of aircraft using PMS manoeuvres, ASR manoeuvres, GH manoeuvres, departure time updates and on-time performance.

Findings

The proposed single-objective optimization approach reduced both the CRM and TD considerably. For the traffic flow rates of 15, 20 and 25 aircraft, the improvement of CRM was 53.08%, 41.12% and 32.6%, the enhancement of TD was 54.2%, 48.8% and 31.06% and the average number of Pareto-optimal solutions were 1.26, 2.22 and 3.87, respectively. The multi-objective optimization approach also exposed the relationship between the TD and the total number of CRM.

Practical implications

The proposed mathematical model can be implemented considering the objectives of air traffic controllers and airlines operators. Also, the mathematical model is able to create conflict-free TMA operations and, therefore, it brings an opportunity for air traffic controllers to reduce frequency occupancy time.

Originality/value

The mathematical model presents the total number of CRM as an objective function in the ASSP using the MILP approach. The mathematical model integrates air traffic controllers’ and airline operators’ perspective together with new objective functions.

中文翻译：

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使用点合并系统的多目标TMA管理优化

目的

这项研究的目的是使用点合并系统（PMS），空速降低（ASR）和地面保持（GH）技术在终端机动区域（TMA）中提供无冲突的操作。目的是最大程度地减少飞机总延误（TD）和冲突解决演习总数（CRM）。

设计/方法/方法

混合整数线性规划（MILP）用于单目标优化方法和多目标优化方法，以解决飞机排序和调度问题（ASSP）。该方法包括折衷准则和ε约束方法。将单目标优化方法结果的结果与使用“先到先得”方法获得的基线结果进行比较，包括CRM，TD总数，使用PMS机动，ASR机动，GH的飞机数量动作，出发时间更新和准时表现。

发现

所提出的单目标优化方法大大降低了CRM和TD。对于15、20和25架飞机的流量，CRM的改善分别为53.08％，41.12％和32.6％，TD的改善分别为54.2％，48.8％和31.06％，帕累托最优解的平均数为分别为1.26、2.22和3.87。多目标优化方法还暴露了TD和CRM总数之间的关系。

实际影响

可以考虑空中交通管制员和航空公司经营者的目标来实施所提出的数学模型。而且，该数学模型能够创建无冲突的TMA操作，因此，它为空中交通管制员提供了减少频率占用时间的机会。

创意/价值

数学模型使用MILP方法将CRM的总数表示为ASSP中的目标函数。该数学模型将空中交通管制员和航空公司运营商的观点与新的目标函数结合在一起。