Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction syndrome caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is often upregulated in the presence of sepsis and infectious diseases. In sepsis, PCSK9 degraded the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) receptors (LDL-R) of the hepatocytes and the very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol receptors (VLDL-R) of the adipocytes, which then subsequently reduced pathogenic lipid uptake and clearance/sequestration. Moreover, it might improve cholesterol accumulation and augment toll-like receptor function in macrophages, which supported inflammatory responses. Accordingly, PCSK9 might show detrimental effects on immune host response and survival in sepsis. However, the exact roles of PCSK9 in the pathogenesis of sepsis are still not well defined. In this review, we summarized the literatures focusing on the roles of PCSK9 in sepsis. Our review provided an additional insight in the role of PCSK9 in sepsis, which might serve as a potential target for the treatment of sepsis.

中文翻译：

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PCSK9：脓毒症的潜在治疗靶标

败血症是由宿主对感染的反应失调引起的威胁生命的器官功能障碍综合症。在存在败血症和传染病的情况下，前蛋白转化酶枯草杆菌蛋白酶/ kexin 9型（PCSK9）通常被上调。在脓毒症中，PCSK9降解肝细胞的低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-R）受体和脂肪细胞的极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇受体（VLDL-R），随后降低致病性脂质的摄取和清除/隔离。此外，它可能会改善胆固醇的积累并增强巨噬细胞中的Toll样受体功能，从而支持炎症反应。因此，PCSK9可能对脓毒症的免疫宿主反应和存活显示有害影响。但是，PCSK9在脓毒症发病机理中的确切作用仍不清楚。在这篇综述中，我们总结了有关PCSK9在脓毒症中作用的文献。我们的综述提供了关于PCSK9在脓毒症中作用的更多见解，它可能作为脓毒症治疗的潜在靶标。