Preserving breed uniqueness and purity is vitally important in developing conservation/breeding programs for a germplasm collection of rare and endangered chicken breeds. The present study was aimed at analyzing SNP genetic variability of 21 small local and imported purebred and F₁ crossbred populations and identifying crossbreeding events via whole-genome evaluation of runs of homozygosity (ROH). The admixture models more efficiently reflected population structure, pinpointing crossbreeding events in the presence of ancestral populations but not in their absence. Multidimensional scaling and F_ST-based analyses did not discriminate properly between purebred populations and F₁ crossbreds, especially when comparing related breeds. When applying the ROH-based approach, more and longer ROHs were revealed in purebred individuals/populations, suggesting this as an effective implement in genome-wide analysis of germplasm breed purity.

中文翻译：

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通过分析纯合子运行揭示本地和进口种质鸡种群的遗传变异性。

保存品种的独特性和纯度对于制定稀有和濒临灭绝的鸡品种的种质收集的保存/育种计划至关重要。本研究旨在分析21个本地和进口的小型纯种和F ₁杂种群体的SNP遗传变异性，并通过对纯合性（ROH）进行全基因组评估来鉴定杂交事件。所述混合模型更有效地反射的种群结构，在祖先群体的存在，但并不在其不存在精确定位杂交事件。多维尺度分析和基于F _ST的分析不能正确地区分纯种种群和F ₁杂交，特别是在比较相关品种时。当应用基于ROH的方法时，纯种个体/种群中发现了越来越多的ROH，这表明它是种质纯度分析的全基因组分析的有效手段。