Abstract Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are widely commercialized in the display market due to many advantages such as wide color gamut, outstanding flexibility, and high contrast ratio. However, the performance of OLED is often hindered by the refractive index differences between the anode, substrate, and air, leading to inefficient light out-coupling from the device. In this study, we designed a polymer substrate incorporated with barium titanium oxide (BaTiO3) nanoparticles (NPs) with high refractive index to function as a bifunctional scattering substrate for efficiency enhancement of OLEDs. Fine-tuning the concentration of BaTiO3 NPs enables direct control of the refractive index and optical scattering of the substrate. The results show that the luminance efficiency and external quantum efficiency of OLED employing BaTiO3 embedded substrate are approximately 1.6 times higher than its pristine counterpart. Evidently, the nanocomposite polymer substrate demonstrated herein could serve as an efficient light out-coupling medium for flexible OLEDs.

中文翻译：

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基于双功能 BaTiO3 纳米粒子嵌入聚合物基板光提取器的柔性有机发光二极管

摘要 有机发光二极管(Organic Light-Emitting Diode，OLED)由于具有色域广、柔韧性好、对比度高等诸多优点，在显示器市场上得到广泛应用。然而，OLED 的性能往往受到阳极、基板和空气之间的折射率差异的阻碍，导致从器件中低效的光耦合输出。在这项研究中，我们设计了一种聚合物基板，其中加入了具有高折射率的氧化钡 (BaTiO3) 纳米颗粒 (NPs)，用作双功能散射基板，以提高 OLED 的效率。微调 BaTiO3 NPs 的浓度可以直接控制基材的折射率和光学散射。结果表明，采用 BaTiO3 嵌入基板的 OLED 的发光效率和外量子效率比其原始对应物高约 1.6 倍。显然，本文展示的纳米复合聚合物基板可以作为柔性 OLED 的有效光耦合介质。