Abstract

Pneumonia of unknown etiology was detected in a few patients in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. The causative agent was named as the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by the World Health Organization (WHO). The disease caused by this virus was named as a new coronavirus disease: COVID-19. The disease has a global impact affecting more than 200 nations including the USA, India, Brazil, Russia, and Peru are the 5 most severely affected nations. The discovery of the genotype and phenotype of SARS-CoV-2 boosted the global efforts for the development of treatment options and vaccines for the COVID-19. As the transmission of the virus is rapid, to protect the global population, the development of an effective vaccine against the virus is very essential. The current review highlights the various platforms and technologies used globally for the development of the vaccine and also focuses on the current status of the vaccine candidates under development by organizations to combat the global threat of COVID-19 pandemic.

摘要

在湖北省武汉市的几例患者中发现了病因不明的肺炎。该病原体被世界卫生组织（WHO）命名为严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）。由这种病毒引起的疾病被称为一种新的冠状病毒疾病：COVID-19。该病在全球影响了200多个国家，其中包括美国，印度，巴西，俄罗斯和秘鲁是受灾最严重的5个国家。SARS-CoV-2基因型和表型的发现促进了全球为COVID-19的治疗选择和疫苗开发的努力。由于病毒的传播迅速，为保护全球人口，开发一种有效的抗病毒疫苗非常重要。