To obtain insights into striatal neural processes underlying reward-based learning and movement control, we examined spatial organizations of striatal neurons related to movement and reward-based learning. For this, we recorded the activity of direct- and indirect-pathway neurons (D1 and A2a receptor-expressing neurons, respectively) in mice engaged in probabilistic classical conditioning and open-field free exploration. We found broadly organized functional clusters of striatal neurons in the direct as well as indirect pathways for both movement- and reward-related variables. Functional clusters for different variables were partially overlapping in both pathways, but the overlap between outcome- and value-related functional clusters was greater in the indirect than direct pathway. Also, value-related spatial clusters were progressively refined during classical conditioning. Our study shows the broad and learning-dependent spatial organization of functional clusters of dorsal striatal neurons in the direct and indirect pathways. These findings further argue against the classic model of the basal ganglia and support the importance of spatiotemporal patterns of striatal neuronal ensemble activity in the control of behavior.

为了深入了解基于奖励的学习和运动控制的纹状体神经过程，我们研究了与运动和基于奖励的学习有关的纹状体神经元的空间组织。为此，我们记录了参与概率经典条件和自由场自由探索的小鼠中直接和间接途径神经元（分别为D1和A2a受体表达神经元）的活动。我们在运动和奖赏相关变量的直接和间接途径中发现了纹状体神经元功能广泛的功能簇。在两个途径中，用于不同变量的功能簇部分重叠，但是在结果途径和价值相关的功能簇之间，间接途径的重叠大于直接途径的重叠。也，与价值相关的空间簇在经典条件下逐渐完善。我们的研究显示了直接和间接途径中背纹状体神经元功能簇的广泛且依赖学习的空间组织。这些发现进一步反对了基底神经节的经典模型，并支持纹状体神经元集合活动的时空模式在行为控制中的重要性。