Solar‐powered water evaporation is a primitive technology but interest has revived in the last five years due to the use of nanoenabled photothermal absorbers. The cutting‐edge nanoenabled photothermal materials can exploit a full spectrum of solar radiation with exceptionally high photothermal conversion efficiency. Additionally, photothermal design through heat management and the hierarchy of smooth water‐flow channels have evolved in parallel. Indeed, the integration of all desirable functions into one photothermal layer remains an essential challenge for an effective yield of clean water in remote‐sensing areas. Some nanoenabled photothermal prototypes equipped with unprecedented water evaporation rates have been reported recently for clean water production. Many barriers and difficulties remain, despite the latest scientific and practical implementation developments. This Review seeks to inspire nanoenvironmental research communities to drive onward toward real‐time solar‐driven clean water production.

中文翻译：

---

用于清洁水生产的纳米光热材料

太阳能水蒸发是一项原始技术，但由于纳米光热吸收器的使用，在过去五年中人们的兴趣又重新燃起。尖端的纳米光热材料可以利用全光谱的太阳辐射，并具有极高的光热转换效率。此外，通过热管理和平滑水流通道层次结构的光热设计也同时发展。事实上，将所有所需功能集成到一个光热层中仍然是遥感区域有效产生清洁水的一项重要挑战。最近报道了一些具有前所未有的水蒸发速率的纳米光热原型用于清洁水生产。尽管取得了最新的科学和实际实施进展，但仍然存在许多障碍和困难。本综述旨在激励纳米环境研究界推动实时太阳能驱动的清洁水生产。