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Investigating host plant association, calling activity, and sexual dimorphism in Indian Gryllacropsis sp. (Orthoptera: Anostostomatidae)
Ecology and Evolution ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-15 , DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6819 Manisha Tomar 1 , Swati Diwakar 1
Ecology and Evolution ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-15 , DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6819 Manisha Tomar 1 , Swati Diwakar 1
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Both sexes of Indian weta Gryllacropsis sp. communicate acoustically. Females lack an external ovipositor making it difficult to differentiate between the sexes in the field. There is limited ecological information on the species as it is found high up on the trunks of evergreen trees, well camouflaged, and active only at night. The present study was conducted to gain ecological information on this little known yet intriguing species. We tested the hypotheses that (a) calling activity of Indian weta is uniformly distributed throughout the year and (b) there is no difference in morphometric measurements between the sexes. The study was conducted in Bhagwan Mahavir Wildlife Sanctuary and Mollem National Park, Goa, India. Visual scanning of tree trunks followed by vegetation sampling, psychoacoustic sampling, and morphometric analyses was carried out. Resource selection function values, obtained for a total of 52 tree species from 1984 individuals, were less than 0.1 for all plant species indicating no preference by the wetas. Peak calling activity was observed in the month of November (Rayleigh's test, Z = 7.90, p < .01). Discriminant function analysis on morphometric characters of males and females (Wilk's λ = 0.32 approx. F (4, 21) = 11.24 p < .0001, classification accuracy = 96.15%) provided clear distinction between males and females. Contribution of body weight was significant (standardized canonical discriminant function coefficients = +1) and could be used for identification of sexes in the field. These polyphagous insects provide insights on understanding ecological specialization due to host plant association, signal evolution, and mating behavior.
中文翻译：
研究印度 Gryllacropsis sp. 的寄主植物关联、召唤活动和性二态性。 （直翅目：口口科）
印度沙螽Gryllacropsis sp. 的两性。通过声音进行交流。雌性缺乏外部产卵器，因此很难在野外区分性别。关于该物种的生态信息有限，因为它被发现在常绿树干的高处，伪装得很好，并且只在夜间活动。本研究的目的是获得有关这种鲜为人知但有趣的物种的生态信息。我们测试了以下假设：(a) 印度沙螽的叫声活动全年分布均匀，(b) 两性之间的形态测量没有差异。这项研究是在印度果阿巴格万马哈维尔野生动物保护区和莫勒姆国家公园进行的。对树干进行视觉扫描，然后进行植被采样、心理声学采样和形态测量分析。从 1984 个个体的总共 52 个树种获得的资源选择函数值对于所有植物物种都小于 0.1，表明湿螈没有偏好。 11 月份观察到了呼叫活动高峰（瑞利检验， Z = 7.90， p < .01）。对雄性和雌性形态特征的判别函数分析（Wilk's λ = 0.32 约F (4, 21) = 11.24 p < .0001，分类精度 = 96.15%）提供了雄性和雌性之间的明确区别。体重的贡献显着（标准化规范判别函数系数 = +1），可用于现场性别识别。这些多食性昆虫为理解宿主植物关联、信号进化和交配行为造成的生态专业化提供了见解。
更新日期：2020-11-13
中文翻译：
研究印度 Gryllacropsis sp. 的寄主植物关联、召唤活动和性二态性。 （直翅目：口口科）
印度沙螽Gryllacropsis sp. 的两性。通过声音进行交流。雌性缺乏外部产卵器，因此很难在野外区分性别。关于该物种的生态信息有限，因为它被发现在常绿树干的高处，伪装得很好，并且只在夜间活动。本研究的目的是获得有关这种鲜为人知但有趣的物种的生态信息。我们测试了以下假设：(a) 印度沙螽的叫声活动全年分布均匀，(b) 两性之间的形态测量没有差异。这项研究是在印度果阿巴格万马哈维尔野生动物保护区和莫勒姆国家公园进行的。对树干进行视觉扫描，然后进行植被采样、心理声学采样和形态测量分析。从 1984 个个体的总共 52 个树种获得的资源选择函数值对于所有植物物种都小于 0.1，表明湿螈没有偏好。 11 月份观察到了呼叫活动高峰（瑞利检验， Z = 7.90， p < .01）。对雄性和雌性形态特征的判别函数分析（Wilk's λ = 0.32 约F (4, 21) = 11.24 p < .0001，分类精度 = 96.15%）提供了雄性和雌性之间的明确区别。体重的贡献显着（标准化规范判别函数系数 = +1），可用于现场性别识别。这些多食性昆虫为理解宿主植物关联、信号进化和交配行为造成的生态专业化提供了见解。
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