A composite membrane containing 1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulfonic acid sodium salt (NQS) embedded in an ionic liquid (IL)- polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)- tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS)- SiO₂ nanoparticles (NPs) polymeric matrix is proposed. The selected IL was 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (OMIM PF6). It is demonstrated that ILs chemical additives of PDMS influenced the sol-gel porosity. The sensor analytical performance for ammonia atmospheres has been tested as a function of sampling time (between 0.5 and 312 h), temperature (25 °C and 4 °C) and sampling volume (between 2L and 22 mL) by means of diffuse reflectance measurements and sensor photos, which can be registered and saved as images by a smartphone, which permit RGB measurements too. Flexible calibration was possible, adapting it to the sampling time, temperature and sampling volume needed for its application. Calibration linear slopes (mA vs ppmv) between 1.7 and 467 ppmv⁻¹ were obtained for ammonia in function of the several studied conditions. Those slopes were between 48 and 91% higher than those achieved with sensors without ILs. The practical application of this sensing device was demonstrated for the analysis of meat packaging environments, being a potential cost-effective candidate for in situ meat freshness analysis. NQS provided selectivity in reference to other family compounds emitted from meat products, such as sulphides. After 10 days at 4 °C ammonia liberated by the assayed meat was 20 ± 4 μg/kg and 18 ± 3 μg/kg, quantified by using diffuse reflectance and %R measurements, respectively. Homogeneity of the ammonia atmosphere was tested by using two sensors placed in two different positions inside the packages.

一种复合膜，包含嵌入离子液体（IL）-聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）-原硅酸四乙酯（SiO ₂）-SiO ₂中的1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠盐（NQS）提出了纳米颗粒（NPs）聚合物基体。所选的IL是1-甲基-3-辛基咪唑六氟磷酸盐（OMIM PF6）。证明PDMS的ILs化学添加剂影响了溶胶-凝胶的孔隙率。通过漫反射测量，已测试了氨气传感器的分析性能与采样时间（0.5至312 h之间），温度（25°C至4°C）和采样量（2L至22 mL）之间的关系以及传感器照片，可以通过智能手机注册并另存为图像，从而也可以进行RGB测量。可以进行灵活的校准，使其适应其应用所需的采样时间，温度和采样量。1.7至467 ppmv ^-1之间的校准线性斜率（mA vs ppmv）在几种研究条件下，获得了氨气。与没有IL的传感器相比，这些斜率高出48％至91％。演示了该传感设备在肉类包装环境分析中的实际应用，它是原位肉类新鲜度分析的潜在成本效益候选者。NQS提供了相对于肉类产品排放的其他族化合物（例如硫化物）的选择性。在4°C下放置10天后，被分析的肉释放的氨分别为20±4μg/ kg和18±3μg/ kg，分别通过漫反射和％R测量进行定量。通过使用位于包装内两个不同位置的两个传感器测试氨气的均质性。