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Biochar addition rate determines contrasting shifts in soil nematode trophic groups in outdoor mesocosms: An appraisal of underlying mechanisms
Applied Soil Ecology ( IF 4.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2020.103788
Xavier Domene , Stefania Mattana , Sara Sánchez-Moreno

Abstract The medium-term impact of the application of a pine gasification biochar at low and high rates (5 and 30 tons ha−1) on nematode communities was assessed in outdoor mesocosms cropped to barley during the spring and the fall of the third agronomical year following the application. Impacts were measured as shifts in community taxon and functional composition, and ecological indices were related to soil physicochemical and microbiological properties. Biochar addition did not affect soil properties, total nematode abundance, richness or biomass, but different community shifts were observed in the two biochar addition treatments (5 and 30 tons ha−1) when compared with controls (with no biochar added). Communities shifted both taxonomically and functionally: the low application rate promoted predator and plant-parasitic nematodes, while the high application rate favored bacterivores and fungivores. An appraisal of the plausible main mechanisms behind those shifts was carried out, based on the various mechanisms proposed in the available literature about shifts in nematode communities after organic amendments, as well as the scarce biochar studies published to date. This study suggests that biochar additions show a capacity for regulating plant-parasitic nematodes in agroecosystems, but also that this regulation is dependent on the addition rate. There is a need to validate this work with further studies to identify the mechanisms behind this suppression and determine the necessary rates of biochar addition to mitigate unintended effects.

中文翻译:

生物炭添加率决定了室外中层环境中土壤线虫营养群的对比变化:潜在机制的评估

摘要 在第三农艺年春季和秋季种植大麦的室外中层环境中,评估了以低和高速率(5 吨和 30 吨 ha-1)施用松木气化生物炭对线虫群落的中期影响。在申请之后。影响通过群落分类群和功能组成的变化来衡量,生态指数与土壤理化和微生物特性有关。添加生物炭不影响土壤特性、线虫总丰度、丰富度或生物量,但与对照(不添加生物炭)相比,在两种生物炭添加处理(5 和 30 吨 ha-1)中观察到不同的群落变化。群落在分类学和功能上都发生了变化:低施用率促进了捕食者和植物寄生线虫,而高施用率有利于食菌动物和食真菌动物。根据现有文献中提出的关于有机改良后线虫群落变化的各种机制,以及迄今为止发表的稀缺生物炭研究,对这些变化背后的可能主要机制进行了评估。这项研究表明,添加生物炭显示出调节农业生态系统中植物寄生线虫的能力,而且这种调节取决于添加速率。需要通过进一步的研究来验证这项工作,以确定这种抑制背后的机制,并确定必要的 biochar 添加速率以减轻意外影响。基于现有文献中提出的关于有机改良后线虫群落变化的各种机制,以及迄今为止发表的稀缺生物炭研究。这项研究表明,添加生物炭显示出调节农业生态系统中植物寄生线虫的能力,而且这种调节取决于添加速率。需要通过进一步的研究来验证这项工作,以确定这种抑制背后的机制,并确定必要的 biochar 添加速率以减轻意外影响。基于现有文献中提出的关于有机修正后线虫群落变化的各种机制,以及迄今为止发表的稀缺生物炭研究。这项研究表明,添加生物炭显示出调节农业生态系统中植物寄生线虫的能力,而且这种调节取决于添加速率。需要通过进一步的研究来验证这项工作,以确定这种抑制背后的机制,并确定必要的 biochar 添加速率以减轻意外影响。这项研究表明,添加生物炭显示出调节农业生态系统中植物寄生线虫的能力,而且这种调节取决于添加速率。需要通过进一步的研究来验证这项工作,以确定这种抑制背后的机制,并确定必要的 biochar 添加速率以减轻意外影响。这项研究表明,添加生物炭显示出调节农业生态系统中植物寄生线虫的能力,而且这种调节取决于添加速率。需要通过进一步的研究来验证这项工作,以确定这种抑制背后的机制,并确定必要的 biochar 添加速率以减轻意外影响。
更新日期:2021-02-01
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