This study aimed to study the antimicrobial resistance, genetic characterization, and molecular epidemiology of Ureaplasma species in order to provide clinicians sufficient data to select optimal strategies of treatment for genitourinary tract infections of infertile male patients. Firstly, a total of 817 clinical semen specimens were detected for Ureaplasma species by molecular detection. Secondly, culture and identification of Ureaplasma species were achieved by using Mycoplasma ICS Test, and the antimicrobial susceptibility tests were determined by using broth microdilution assay. Then, the tetracycline resistance genetic determinants in Ureaplasma species were identified by PCR, and the fluoroquinolone and macrolide resistance genetic determinants were identified by DNA sequencing. Finally, the molecular epidemiology of Ureaplasma species was studied by both multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and expanded MLST (eMLST) schemes. Among the 817 semen specimens, 320 (39.17%) specimens were positive for Ureaplasma species. The percentages of resistance in 320 isolates against LEV, MXF, TET, and ERY were 47.5%, 39.38%, 19.69%, and 3.75%, respectively. The tet(M) and int-Tn genes were detected positive in all the tetracycline-resistant isolates. One macrolide-resistant UU isolate had a novel amino acid alteration (R66T) in L4 ribosomal protein and another UU isolate harbored a novel alteration (S109T) in L22. In fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates, S83L substitution in the ParC was predominant. In this area, ST22 and eST16 were the most prevalent ST and eST, respectively. One ST and 3 eSTs were newly identified in this study. This study has demonstrated that ERY can be first-line therapy for Ureaplasma species infections.

这项研究旨在研究脲原体物种的抗药性，遗传特征和分子流行病学，以便为临床医生提供足够的数据，以选择治疗不育男性患者泌尿生殖道感染的最佳策略。首先，通过分子检测共检测到817份临床精液标本中的脲原体。其次，通过支原体ICS试验实现了对脲原体种类的培养和鉴定，并通过肉汤微量稀释法进行了药敏试验。然后，脲原体中四环素抗性遗传决定因素通过PCR鉴定出各种物种，通过DNA测序鉴定出对氟喹诺酮和大环内酯类耐药的遗传决定因素。最后，通过多基因座序列分型（MLST）和扩展MLST（eMLST）方案研究了脲原体物种的分子流行病学。间的817个精液样本，320（39.17％）的标本为阳性脲原体属种类。320个分离株对LEV，MXF，TET和ERY的抗性百分比分别为47.5％，39.38％，19.69％和3.75％。在所有四环素抗性分离株中检测到tet（M）和int-Tn基因均为阳性。一个抗大环内酯类的UU分离物在L4核糖体蛋白中具有新的氨基酸改变（R66T），另一个UU分离物在L22中具有新的改变（S109T）。在耐氟喹诺酮的菌株中，ParC中的S83L取代占主导。在该区域，ST22和eST16分别是最流行的ST和eST。在这项研究中新发现了1个ST和3个eST。这项研究表明，ERY可以作为治疗脲原体感染的一线疗法。