Purpose

The vibration is a mechanical phenomenon created by man or machine. Persons involved in on/off-road vehicle driving expose to intense vibrations and shocks owing to uneven and asymmetrical terrains. The prolonged vibration exposure may lead to musculoskeletal disorders followed by injuries. To examine human body movements and biodynamic responses precisely, it is obligatory to establish a reliable biomechanical model.

Objective

To do so, the present paper proposes a ten degrees-of-freedom (dofs) biomechanical model of the seated human.

Methods

The novelty of the proposed model is that it hypothetically divides the real human structure into segments as a head, thorax, abdomen, pelvis, left upper arm, left forearm, left hand, right upper arm, right forearm, and right hand, respectively, which are mainly missing in the human model developed in past. The mechanical parameters are utilized to define the biomechanical model and optimized through the firefly algorithm. After optimization, the biodynamic responses: seat to head transmissibility, apparent mass and driving point mechanical impedance are calculated for the proposed model and compared with Allen_2-dofs model, Wan and Schimmels_4-dofs model, Bai et al._4-dofs model, Darling et al._7-dofs model and Boileau et al._experimental.

Results and Conclusion

The overall goodness of fit is compared for the proposed model with five other models and found that the proposed model gives maximum goodness of fit (93.47). Also, the sensitivity analysis (± 10% variation in mass, stiffness and damping) is performed to validate the reliability of the developed model. And, it is observed that the mass, stiffness, and damping of the pelvis region have a significant role in peak modulus of biodynamic responses.

中文翻译：

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用于优化振动介质下生物力学响应的改进生物力学模型

目的

振动是人或机器产生的机械现象。由于不平坦和不对称的地形，从事越野汽车驾驶的人会遭受强烈的振动和冲击。长时间的振动暴露可能导致肌肉骨骼疾病，继而受伤。为了精确地检查人体运动和生物动力响应，必须建立可靠的生物力学模型。

目的

为此，本论文提出了一个就座人的十自由度（dofs）生物力学模型。

方法

所提出的模型的新颖性在于，它假设将真实的人体结构分为多个部分，分别是头部，胸部，腹部，骨盆，左上臂，左前臂，左手，右上臂，右前臂和右手，过去开发的人体模型中主要缺少这些内容。利用机械参数来定义生物力学模型，并通过萤火虫算法对其进行优化。优化后，针对所提出的模型计算生物动力学响应：座椅到头部的可传递性，表观质量和驱动点机械阻抗，并将其与Allen _2-dofs模型，Wan和Schimmels _4-dofs模型（Bai等人）进行比较。_4-dofs模型，Darling等。_7-dofs模型和Boileau等。_实验的。

结果与结论

将拟议模型的总体拟合优度与其他五个模型进行比较，发现拟议模型给出了最大拟合优度（93.47）。另外，进行了灵敏度分析（质量，刚度和阻尼的±10％变化）以验证开发模型的可靠性。并且，观察到骨盆区域的质量，刚度和阻尼在生物动力响应的峰值模量中具有重要作用。