The spectroscopic properties of heavy quarkonia are substantially different in the quark–gluon plasma (QGP) that is created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions as compared to the vacuum situation that can be tested in [Formula: see text] collisions at the same center-of-mass energy. In this paper, a series of recent works about the dissociation of the [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] states in the hot QGP are summarized. Quarkonia dissociation occurs due to (1) screening of the real quark-antiquark potential, (2) collisional damping through the imaginary part of the potential, and (3) gluon-induced dissociation. In addition, reduced feed-down plays a decisive role for the spin-triplet ground state. Transverse-momentum and centrality-dependent data are well reproduced in Pb–Pb collisions at LHC energies. In the asymmetric [Formula: see text]-Pb system, alterations of the parton density functions in the lead nucleus account for the leading fraction of the modifications in cold nuclear matter (CNM), but the hot-medium effects turn out to be relevant in spite of the small initial spatial extent of the fireball, providing additional evidence for the generation of a quark–gluon droplet.

中文翻译：

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夸克 - 胶子等离子体中的底离子光谱

在相对论重离子碰撞中产生的夸克-胶子等离子体（QGP）中的重夸克尼亚的光谱特性与在同一中心碰撞[公式：见文本]中可以测试的真空情况相比有很大不同。质量能量。本文总结了最近一系列关于热QGP中[公式：见文]和[公式：见文]状态解离的工作。Quarkonia 解离的发生是由于 (1) 筛选真正的夸克-反夸克势，(2) 通过势的虚部的碰撞阻尼，以及 (3) 胶子诱导的解离。此外，减少的馈电对自旋三重态基态起着决定性的作用。在 LHC 能量下的 Pb-Pb 碰撞中很好地再现了横向动量和中心性相关数据。在不对称[公式：