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Structural Contributions to Autocatalysis and Asymmetric Amplification in the Soai Reaction
Journal of the American Chemical Society ( IF 14.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-14 , DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c05994 Soumitra V. Athavale 1 , Adam Simon 2 , K. N. Houk 2 , Scott E. Denmark 1
Journal of the American Chemical Society ( IF 14.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-14 , DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c05994 Soumitra V. Athavale 1 , Adam Simon 2 , K. N. Houk 2 , Scott E. Denmark 1
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Diisopropylzinc alkylation of pyrimidine aldehydes-the Soai reaction, with its astonishing attribute of amplifying asymmetric autocatalysis-occupies a unique position in organic chemistry and stands as an eminent challenge for mechanistic elucidation. A new paradigm of "mixed catalyst-substrate" experiments with pyrimidine and pyridine systems allows a disconnection of catalysis from autocatalysis, providing insights into the role played by reactant and alkoxide structure. The alkynyl substituent favorably tunes catalyst solubility, aggregation, and conformation while modulating substrate reactivity and selectivity. The alkyl groups and the heteroaromatic core play further complementary roles in catalyst aggregation and substrate binding. In the study of these structure-activity relationships, novel pyridine substrates demonstrating amplifying autocatalysis were identified. Comparison of three autocatalytic systems representing a continuum of nitrogen Lewis basicity strength suggests how the strength of N-Zn binding events is a predominant contributor toward the rate of autocatalytic progression.
中文翻译：
Soai 反应中自催化和不对称扩增的结构贡献
嘧啶醛的二异丙基锌烷基化反应——Soai 反应，具有放大不对称自催化的惊人特性——在有机化学中占有独特的地位，是机理阐明的一个突出挑战。嘧啶和吡啶系统的“混合催化剂-底物”实验的新范式允许将催化与自动催化断开，从而深入了解反应物和醇盐结构所起的作用。炔基取代基有利于调节催化剂溶解性、聚集和构象，同时调节底物反应性和选择性。烷基和杂芳族核在催化剂聚集和底物结合中发挥进一步的互补作用。在研究这些构效关系时，鉴定了具有放大自催化作用的新型吡啶底物。三种代表连续的氮路易斯碱度强度的自催化系统的比较表明 N-Zn 结合事件的强度是如何影响自催化进程的主要因素。
更新日期：2020-10-14
中文翻译：
Soai 反应中自催化和不对称扩增的结构贡献
嘧啶醛的二异丙基锌烷基化反应——Soai 反应，具有放大不对称自催化的惊人特性——在有机化学中占有独特的地位，是机理阐明的一个突出挑战。嘧啶和吡啶系统的“混合催化剂-底物”实验的新范式允许将催化与自动催化断开，从而深入了解反应物和醇盐结构所起的作用。炔基取代基有利于调节催化剂溶解性、聚集和构象，同时调节底物反应性和选择性。烷基和杂芳族核在催化剂聚集和底物结合中发挥进一步的互补作用。在研究这些构效关系时，鉴定了具有放大自催化作用的新型吡啶底物。三种代表连续的氮路易斯碱度强度的自催化系统的比较表明 N-Zn 结合事件的强度是如何影响自催化进程的主要因素。
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