The nanovesicles extracted from the plant and herbal decoctions are identified as a new class of nanomedicine. They are involved in interspecies chemical communication across the plant and animal kingdoms and display a therapeutic potential against a variety of diseases. Herein, we review the recent progress made in the medical applications of plant-derived nanovesicles in the aspects of anti-inflammation, anti-cancer, tissue regeneration, and modulating commensal microbiota. We further summarize the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the physiological functions of plant-derived nanovesicles. Overall, plant-derived nanovesicles provide an alternative to conventional synthetic drugs and present exciting opportunities for future research on disease therapy.

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植物来源的纳米囊泡：纳米医学的一种新形式

从植物和草药汤剂中提取的纳米囊泡被确定为一类新的纳米药物。它们参与植物和动物界的种间化学通讯，并显示出对多种疾病的治疗潜力。在此，我们回顾了植物源纳米囊泡在抗炎、抗癌、组织再生和调节共生微生物群方面的医学应用的最新进展。我们进一步总结了植物源纳米囊泡生理功能的细胞和分子机制。总的来说，植物来源的纳米囊泡提供了传统合成药物的替代品，并为未来的疾病治疗研究提供了令人兴奋的机会。