Abstract

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are present and pervasive in the environment. Handling of the foods by the vendors is therefore likely to introduce PAHs into the meals. Quantification of PAH was made using HPLC-FID and consumption data by face–face interviews with 188 regular consumers for the vendors. Data obtained were iterated 10,000 times using palisade @risk software and results presented at 95th percentile level of consumption showing the worst case scenario. Dietary risk assessment of 12-priority PAHs was carried out on the components of two staple foods in Ghana. Naphthalene was detected in all food samples at concentrations ranging from 1.7 to 6.5 mg kg⁻¹ at 95th percentile consumption level. Benzo(a)pyrene and dibenz-a,h-anthracene were detected in fried chicken samples with the stochastic concentrations of 1.2E–02 mg kg⁻¹ and 3.2E–03 mg kg⁻¹, respectively, at the 95th percentile level of consumption. Incremental life cancer risk values fell within the deminis value of ≤10⁻⁶ to 10⁻⁴ except at the 95th percentile level of consumption of chicken, hot pepper sauce, and soup components of the meals which were higher (10⁻³). The 95th percentile level of consumption of fried rice meal as well as the 50th and 95th percentile level of consumption of the fufu meal had a hazard index above 1, indicating consumers may be suffering the non-carcinogenic effects due to PAH in the respective meals. The study, therefore, showed that high consumption levels of the street vended foods are likely to cause dietary risk to the health of its consumers.

摘要

多环芳烃 (PAH) 在环境中存在并普遍存在。因此，供应商对食物的处理很可能会将 PAHs 引入膳食中。PAH 的量化是使用 HPLC-FID 和消费数据，通过对供应商的 188 名普通消费者的面对面访谈进行的。使用 Palisade @risk 软件对获得的数据进行了 10,000 次迭代，结果以 95% 的消费水平呈现，显示了最坏的情况。对加纳两种主食的成分进行了 12 种重点 PAH 的膳食风险评估。在所有食品样本中检测到萘的浓度范围为 1.7 至 6.5 mg kg ^{- 1}在 95% 的消费水平。在炸鸡样品中检测到苯并（a）芘和二苯并-a，h-蒽，随机浓度分别为 1.2E-02 mg kg ^{- 1}和 3.2E-03 mg kg ^{- 1}，在 95% 水平消耗。增加生命的癌症风险值落在≤10 ^{- 6}到 10 ^{- 4}的最低值范围内，除了鸡肉、辣椒酱和汤成分的 95% 消费水平较高（10 ^{- 3}）。食用炒饭粉的第 95 个百分位水平以及食用福福粉的第 50 和 95 个百分位水平的危害指数均在 1 以上，表明消费者可能在各自的膳食中受到多环芳烃的非致癌影响。因此，该研究表明，街头售卖食品的高消费水平可能会对其消费者的健康造成饮食风险。