We report a land‐ocean contrast in the phase change of precipitation annual cycle in multimodel ensemble simulations as climate warms, with a robust delay over land (0–40°N/S) versus an advance (0–40°N/S) or no clear (0–25°N/S) phase changes over ocean. The robust delay over land is caused by the increased effective atmospheric heat capacity C_A. Over ocean, the increased C_A favors a phase delay, while the land‐ocean precipitation contrast during the peak rainy season favors a phase advance. The latter overwhelms the former and causes a seasonal advance over 0–40°N/S, while the two factors cancel out and result in no phase changes over 0–25°N/S. Under the atmospheric energetic constraint, the land‐ocean precipitation contrast in the peak rainy season is related to their opposite amplitude changes of surface temperature annual cycle: Seasonally different wind changes enhance the amplitude over ocean, while increased C_A and surface cooling feedback reduce the amplitude over land.

中文翻译：

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全球变暖下陆地与海洋之间降水年周期的相反相位变化

我们报告了在多模型集合模拟中，随着气候变暖，降水-年循环的相位变化中的陆地-海洋对比，陆地（0–40°N / S）相对于前进（0–40°N / S）有明显的延迟。或整个海洋没有明确的（0-25°N / S）相变。陆地上的强劲延迟是由于有效大气热容C _A的增加引起的。在海洋上，增加的C _A有利于相位延迟，而雨季高峰期的陆地-海洋降水对比则有利于相位提前。后者使前者不堪重负，并在0–40°N / S上导致季节提前，而这两个因素抵消，并且在0–25°N / S上没有相位变化。在大气高能约束下，雨季高峰期的陆地-海洋降水反差与地表温度年周期的相反幅度变化有关：季节性不同的风变化会增加整个海洋的幅度，而增加的C _A和地表冷却反馈会降低陆地上的振幅。