Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with dementia, but it is unclear whether MetS is related to Alzheimer's disease (AD). We investigated the association of MetS with brain amyloid, a key AD feature, and neurodegeneration. A community-based sample of 350 middle-aged Hispanics in New York City had cerebral amyloid β (Aβ) burden ascertained with 18F-Florbetaben positron emission tomography. Neurodegeneration was ascertained as cortical thickness in AD signature regions from 3T brain MRI. MetS and its components (glucose, blood pressure, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, adiposity) were defined using the National Institutes of Health criteria. Neither the presence of MetS nor the MetS score was associated with Aβ or neurodegeneration. Among the MetS components, elevated glucose was associated with lower Aβ burden, and this association was not explained by diabetes treatment. Glucose and triglycerides were related to smaller cortical thickness. Our findings suggest that MetS as an arbitrary measure of aggregate metabolic and vascular risk does not capture the risk of AD neuropathology in late middle age and that other approaches to measure the aggregate risk should be examined.

中文翻译：

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中晚期体内脑淀粉样蛋白和神经变性的代谢综合征及其成分

代谢综合征 (MetS) 与痴呆有关，但尚不清楚 MetS 是否与阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 相关。我们研究了 MetS 与脑淀粉样蛋白（一种关键的 AD 特征）和神经变性的关联。纽约市 350 名中年西班牙裔人的社区样本通过 18F-Florbetaben 正电子发射断层扫描确定了脑淀粉样蛋白 β (Aβ) 负担。神经变性被确定为来自 3T 脑 MRI 的 AD 特征区域的皮质厚度。MetS 及其成分（葡萄糖、血压、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白、肥胖）是使用美国国立卫生研究院标准定义的。无论是 MetS 的存在还是 MetS 评分都与 Aβ 或神经变性无关。在 MetS 成分中，升高的葡萄糖与较低的 Aβ 负荷相关，糖尿病治疗无法解释这种关联。葡萄糖和甘油三酯与较小的皮质厚度有关。我们的研究结果表明，作为衡量总代谢和血管风险的任意指标，MetS 并未捕捉到中年晚期 AD 神经病理学的风险，并且应该检查其他衡量总风险的方法。