Leaf color has been considered an important agronomic trait in rice (Oryza sativa L.) for a long time. The changes in leaf color affect the yield of rice. In this study, a green-revertible albino (graS) mutant was isolated from a ⁶⁰Co-gamma-irradiated mutant pool of indica cultivar Guangzhan 63-4S. The fine mapping indicated that graS mutant was mapped to chromosome 1, and was located in a confined region between markers ab134 and InDel 8 with genetic distances of 0.11 and 0.06 cM, respectively. Based on the annotation results, four open reading frames (ORFs) were predicted in this region. Sequence analysis revealed that LOC_Os01g55974 had a 2-bp nucleotide insertion (AA) in the coding region that led to premature termination at the 324th base. Sequence analysis and expression analysis of related genes indicated that LOC_Os01g55974 is the candidate gene of GraS. We studied the genome and protein sequences of LOC_Os01g55974, and the data showed that GraS contains a deoxycytidine deaminase domain, which was expressed ubiquitously in all tissues. Further investigation indicated that GraS plays an essential role in the regulation of chloroplast biosynthesis, photosynthetic capacity and yield. Moreover, leaf color mutant can be used as an effective marker for the purity of breeding and hybridization.

长期以来，叶色一直被认为是水稻（Oryza sativa L.）的重要农艺性状。叶色的变化影响水稻的产量。在这项研究中，一个绿色白化转（GRAS）突变体是从分离⁶⁰的共同γ-照射的突变体库籼稻品种广湛63-4S。精细定位表明，graS突变体已定位到1号染色体，并位于ab134和InDel 8标记之间的封闭区域，遗传距离分别为0.11和0.06 cM。根据注释结果，在该区域预测了四个开放阅读框（ORF）。序列分析表明，LOC_Os01g55974在编码区有一个2 bp的核苷酸插入（AA），导致在第324个碱基处提前终止。相关基因的序列分析和表达分析表明，LOC_Os01g55974是GraS的候选基因。我们研究了LOC_Os01g55974的基因组和蛋白质序列，数据显示GraS包含一个脱氧胞苷脱氨酶域，该域在所有组织中普遍表达。进一步的研究表明，GraS在调节叶绿体生物合成，光合能力和产量中起着至关重要的作用。此外，叶色突变体可用作育种和杂交纯度的有效标记。