Malnutrition and the broad spectrum of cancer cachexia frequently occur in patients with malignant disease of all tumour stages and impact on survival and quality of life of patients. Structured screening for the risk of malnutrition with validated tools and nutritional assessment are the prerequisite for adequate nutritional support in cancer patients. In patients receiving tumour directed therapy, the patients diet should meet the requirements to give optimal support, while later on comfort feeding is part of symptom focused palliation. The basis of nutritional support in a malnourished patient is nutritional counselling, and nutritional support can be offered within a step-up approach meeting the patient’s needs. A combination of nutritional support with interventions targeting metabolic changes and physical exercise is suggested to treat cancer cachexia.

营养不良和癌症恶病质的广谱性经常发生在所有肿瘤阶段的恶性疾病患者中，并影响患者的生存和生活质量。使用经过验证的工具进行的营养不良风险的结构化筛查以及营养评估是癌症患者获得足够营养支持的前提。在接受肿瘤定向治疗的患者中，患者的饮食应符合要求，以提供最佳支持，而以后舒适喂养是症状减轻症状的一部分。营养不良患者的营养支持的基础是营养咨询，并且可以通过逐步提高方法来提供营养支持，以满足患者的需求。